Summary
Quick facts
- Strong’s Number
- H6845
- Original Word
- צָפַן
- Transliteration
- tsâphan
- Pronunciation
- tsaw-fan'
- Part of Speech
- verb
- Root / Etymology
- a primitive root;
- Frequency
- 33×
- Gematria
- 220
Where it appears
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Definition
Strong 1890to hide (by covering over); by implication, to hoard or reserve; figuratively to deny; specifically (favorably) to protect, (unfavorably) to lurk
esteemhide(-den oneself)lay uplurk (be set) privily(keep) secret(-lyplace).
a primitive root;

Commentary
Contributors: · · · ·
The Hidden One Who Reveals All
There is a word that trembles in the shadows of Scripture, a verb that speaks of concealment and yet, paradoxically, of protection. The Hebrew root tsâphan appears thirty-three times in the Tanakh, each occurrence a whisper from the hidden places of God. When you hear this word, you must understand: it is not merely about hiding. It is about the sacred economy of what is covered, what is kept, and what is finally brought forth into the light. The number thirty-three itself carries the weight of covenant — a promise that what is hidden is not lost, but treasured.
The First Hiding: A Mother's Courage
The first time Scripture uses tsâphan, it is not God who hides, but a mother. In Exodus 2:2, we read: "And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months." Jochebed looked upon her infant Moses, and she saw something beyond flesh — she saw the tov, the goodness that God had placed within him. The sages observe that this hiding was not born of fear alone, but of holy defiance. She covered her son with the same hands that had woven baskets for Pharaoh's household, and in that covering, she participated in the divine pattern of preservation. The verb appears here in the Qal stem, the simple active form, for human action is often the vessel through which heaven works its purposes. Yet note the irony: the one who is hidden becomes the one who will uncover God's power to Egypt.
When God Hides: The Divine Covering
When the Holy One performs the action of tsâphan, something far deeper occurs. The psalmist cries out in Psalm 27:5, "For in the time of trouble He shall hide me in His pavilion: in the secret of His tabernacle shall He hide me." Here the verb shifts from human desperation to divine sanctuary. The root meaning of tsâphan — to cover over, to hoard as a treasure — reveals God's nature. He does not hide from you in anger, but hides you in His presence. The paleo-Hebrew letters of tsâphan tell a story: the tsade is a hook, the pey a mouth, the nun a seed. Together they whisper: the hook that catches the seed of speech, holding it in secret until the appointed time. This is what God does with your life — He catches you, covers you, and reserves you for His purpose.
The Covenant of Concealment
In the covenant context, tsâphan becomes the hinge upon which obedience turns. Proverbs 2:1 speaks with urgency: "My son, if you will receive my words, and hide my commandments with you." The rabbis of old taught that hiding God's word is not burying it, but planting it in the soil of the heart. When you tsâphan the Torah within you, you are not denying its existence — you are protecting it from the scorching winds of forgetfulness and the thieves of distraction. The failure to do this is the great tragedy of Israel's wandering. They saw the miracles, yet did not treasure them in the secret place of the soul. To tsâphan is to make the covenant your hidden inheritance, a treasure that no enemy can plunder because it lies beneath the surface of your very being.
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The Lurkers and the Treasurers
There is a dark side to this verb, a shadow that falls across the same letters. The KJV translators rendered tsâphan as "lurk" and "privily set" in places like Psalm 10:8, where the wicked "sitteth in the lurking places of the villages." The same root that describes God's protective covering also describes the predator who conceals himself for destruction. Jewish tradition holds that the difference lies in the motive of the heart. God hides to preserve; the enemy hides to destroy. You must examine your own concealments, beloved reader. When you hide your sin, you become a lurker in the garden of your own soul. But when you hide God's word, you become a treasurer of heaven's light. The verb itself is neutral; your intention gives it either the fragrance of the sanctuary or the stench of the grave.
The Gematria of the Hidden: Two Hundred and Twenty
The numerical value of tsâphan is two hundred and twenty. In the economy of Hebrew numbers, this points to the word bahir — brightness, a radiance that comes from what is hidden. The number 220 also evokes the 220 cubits of the Tabernacle's court, that sacred space where the hidden presence of God dwelt among His people. The ancient sages would whisper that what is hidden in darkness is meant to emerge as light. Do not despise the seasons of concealment in your life. The number teaches you that the treasure buried in the field is worth selling everything to obtain — and that the field itself is the kingdom of heaven. Your hidden tears, your secret prayers, your unspoken longings — they are all being counted, all being treasured, all being prepared for the day of unveiling.
The Messiah Who Was Hidden and Revealed
Now we must speak of the One who fulfilled tsâphan in ways that make the heart tremble. Yeshua was hidden in Egypt as a child, just as Moses was hidden in the Nile. He was the treasure concealed from the foundations of the world, the Lamb hidden before the creation of light. In Matthew 13:44, He speaks of the kingdom as a treasure hidden in a field — the same verb echoes in the Greek but carries the Hebrew weight of tsâphan. And then, in the ultimate act of divine concealment, He allowed Himself to be covered by the earth in the tomb. The seed was hidden in the ground. But the sages have always known: what is hidden in the earth does not rot — it rises. On the third day, the hidden One was revealed, and the covering became the uncovering of salvation for all who would believe. He is the tsâphan of God: the hidden wisdom, the secret plan, the treasure now laid open before your eyes.
Your Call to the Hidden Life
And so I ask you, my beloved student of the Word: what are you hiding? Not from God — He sees through every curtain — but in God? The call of this ancient verb is not to bury your talent in fear, but to deposit your life in the treasury of heaven. Take the commandments, take the promises, take the very name of Yeshua, and tsâphan them in the deepest chamber of your heart. Let the world see only what God chooses to reveal through you. Let your left hand not know what your right hand does. Let your prayer be in the closet, your fasting be secret, your giving be hidden — for the Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. You are not called to be a lurker in the shadows of sin, but a treasurer of the light. Go now, and hide yourself in the cleft of the Rock. The One who hid Moses in the Nile and Yeshua in the tomb is the same One who hides you until the day of your revealing.