פַּנַּג
probably pastry
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probably pastry
פַּנַּג(pannag)
Strong’s Definition
probably pastry
of uncertain derivation;
“Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey, and oil, and balm.”
No verses found containing this word study ID.
The Lost Sweetness of a Single Word
Only once does this word appear in all of Scripture—like a single grain of rare spice fallen from a merchant's sack, overlooked by generations of readers. The word is pannag, and it appears but a single time (usage count: 1) in the whole of the Tanakh. Yet what is spoken once in the mouth of God carries the weight of eternity. The ancient sages teach that a word used only once is like a hidden jewel—it demands that you stoop low, search carefully, and receive it with wonder. For if the Holy One spoke it but one time, surely He intended that one utterance to echo through all the ages until it finds a hearing heart.
From Uncertain Root to Certain Table
The derivation of pannag (פַּנַּג) is declared uncertain, and the interpreters have long puzzled over its exact meaning. The translators of old rendered it simply as "Pannag," as though it were a proper name—a place or a product now lost to history. Yet the sense of the passage in Ezekiel 27:17 points toward something sweet and nourishing: "Judah, and the land of Israel, they were thy merchants: they traded in thy market wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, and honey." The context places pannag beside wheat and honey—two staples of the Promised Land, the land flowing with milk and honey. Jewish tradition holds that this word refers to a kind of pastry, a sweet bread, perhaps a delicacy fit for a king's table. The uncertainty of its root reminds you that some gifts from God remain mysterious, known only by their taste upon the tongue.
The Merchant Ships of Tyre and the Gifts of Judah
Ezekiel 27 is a lament over Tyre, that great city of commerce whose ships sailed every sea and whose merchants traded with every nation. In verse 17, Judah and the land of Israel appear among the traders, bringing their finest goods to the market of Tyre. Wheat from Minnith—a region known for its abundance—and pannag, and honey. The prophet lists these gifts as evidence of Israel's blessing. The land that God gave to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob was not barren but fruitful, producing not only what was necessary for survival but also what was sweet and delightful. The early church understood this as a picture of how the people of God are called to bring nourishment and sweetness to the nations—not mere survival rations, but the rich produce of a land watered by the Spirit.
What the Letters Reveal
Let us look upon the letters of pannag in the ancient script, for the Holy One chose each letter with intention. The first letter is pe (פ), which in the paleo-Hebrew script is the picture of a mouth. The second letter is nun (נ), the seed or the fish—life that multiplies. The third letter is gimel (ג), the foot of a camel, which speaks of movement, of journeying, of carrying a burden to a destination. Together, these letters whisper a mystery: the mouth receives the seed, and the foot carries it forth. Pannag is that which enters the mouth and gives strength for the journey. The rabbis of old observed that bread is not merely food but a symbol of Torah, of the Word that sustains the soul. If pannag is a pastry, a sweet bread, then it speaks of the sweetness of divine instruction—the honey of wisdom that makes the heart glad.
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The Number of the Sweetness
The gematria of pannag is 133. The number 133 is composed of 100 and 33—the hundred speaks of fullness, of a complete measure, as when Isaac sowed and reaped a hundredfold (Genesis 26:12). The thirty-three speaks of the age of maturity, the years of a man's full strength. Together, they suggest a fullness of provision that comes at the appointed time. The Scriptures also record that the sons of Korah did not die in the earth's swallowing (Numbers 26:11), and their descendants wrote Psalm 133: "Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity!" There, in that one hundred and thirty-third psalm, the oil of anointing runs down Aaron's beard, and the dew of Hermon falls upon Zion. So pannag, with its value of 133, whispers of unity, of anointing, of the sweetness that comes when the people of God dwell together in peace. The number itself is a promise that the sweet bread of fellowship is blessed by the Lord.
Yeshua, the Bread of Hidden Sweetness
When the prophets spoke of the Messiah, they often used the language of bread and honey. Isaiah promised that the child born to us would eat curds and honey (Isaiah 7:15), a sign of the land's restoration. And when Yeshua came, He declared Himself the Bread of Life—the true bread from heaven that gives life to the world (John 6:33). But there is a deeper mystery here. Pannag is a word used only once, hidden in a list of trade goods, yet it points to a sweetness that is not common. Yeshua too was hidden—His identity veiled from many, His glory concealed in the form of a servant. The apostolic tradition teaches that in Him are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge (Colossians 2:3). Just as pannag appears but once, so the Messiah came but once, and in that single appearing He offered Himself as the sweet bread broken for the nations. Judah brought pannag to Tyre; the Lion of the tribe of Judah brings eternal sweetness to all who hunger.
Your Mouth, Your Journey, Your Sweetness
You have now received this hidden word, this single grain of pannag from the harvest of Scripture. It entered through your eyes, but let it now enter through your mouth—not merely to speak, but to taste. What is the pannag that you carry? What sweetness has the Lord placed in your life that you are called to bring to the marketplaces of a hungry world? Perhaps it is a word of encouragement, a gesture of kindness, a portion of your provision shared with another. The mouth receives, and the foot carries. You are both the merchant and the gift. Go now, and let the single utterance of God in your life become bread for someone else's journey. The Holy One spoke pannag only once, and it has reached you. Do not let it stop here. Let it pass from your mouth to the world, and may the sweetness of the Lord be known in all the earth.