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G4778 (συγκακουχέω)

Summary

Quick facts

Strong’s Number: G4778
Original Word: συγκακουχέω
Transliteration: synkakouchéō
Pronunciation: soong-kak-oo-kheh'-o
Part of Speech: verb
Root / Etymology: from G4862 (σύν) and G2558 (κακουχέω);
Frequency: 1×
Gematria: 2519

Where it appears

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Definition

Strong 1890 to maltreat in company with, i.e. (passively) endure persecution together

suffer affliction with

from G4862 (σύν) and G2558 (κακουχέω);

Commentary

Contributors:

Strong's G4778: A compound verb meaning "to suffer ill-treatment together with." From σύν (with) and κακουχέω (to treat badly). Used specifically in Hebrews to describe Moses' choice to share in the afflictions of God's people rather than enjoy temporary pleasures of sin.

U- Unveiling the Word

Συγκακουχέομαι represents voluntary participation in the suffering of God's people. In the New Testament, it appears uniquely in Hebrews to describe Moses' deliberate choice to identify with and share in the afflictions of his people rather than enjoy the privileges of Egyptian royalty. The early church saw this word as exemplifying the cost of discipleship and the nobility of choosing suffering with God's people over worldly comfort. Today, it continues to challenge believers to make conscious choices to stand with the persecuted church and identify with those suffering for their faith.

N - Necessary Information

Greek Word: συγκακουχέομαι, sugkakoucheomai, /soong-kak-oo-kheh'-om-ahee/
Detailed pronunciation: SOONG (as in "soon") - kak (as in "pack") - oo (as in "tooth") - KHEH - om - ahee
Part of Speech: Verb

Etymology:

σύν (sun) prefix meaning "with, together"
κακοῦχος (kakouchos) from κακός (evil) and ἔχω (to have/hold)
-έομαι (-eomai) passive/middle voice ending
Combined meaning: "to experience mistreatment together"

D - Defining Meanings

To suffer ill-treatment with others
To endure hardship alongside others
To voluntarily share in others' afflictions

For compound words:

σύν indicates shared experience
κακου- conveys the concept of evil treatment
-χέομαι indicates receiving or experiencing

Translation Options:

"To be mistreated with" - Emphasizes shared suffering
"To endure hardship together" - Highlights voluntary participation
"To share in afflictions" - Stresses communal aspect

E - Exploring Similar Words

κακουχέω (kakoucheo) /kak-oo-kheh'-o/ - to treat badly See G2558
συμπάσχω (sumpascho) /soom-pas'-kho/ - to suffer with See G4841
συγκακοπαθέω (sugkakopatheo) /soong-kak-op-ath-eh'-o/ - to suffer hardship with See G4777

R - Reviewing the Word's Morphology

As a verb:

Tense: Present
Voice: Passive/Middle
Mood: Infinitive
Person: N/A (Infinitive)
Number: N/A (Infinitive)
Aspect: Continuous

Examples:

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Present Infinitive: συγκακουχεῖσθαι (to be mistreated with)
Present Passive Participle: συγκακουχούμενος (being mistreated with)
Imperfect Middle: συνεκακουχούμην (I was sharing in mistreatment)

S - Studying Lexicon Insights

BDAG emphasizes its unique usage in Hebrews describing Moses' choice. Thayer's notes its compound nature and voluntary aspect. LSJ documents limited classical usage. Vine's highlights its connection to deliberate identification with suffering. Strong's connects it to shared affliction. LEH notes related terms in the Septuagint. Moulton and Milligan discuss its rare occurrence in papyri.

T - Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:
Hebrews 11:25: "Choosing rather to suffer affliction with [συγκακουχέομαι] the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season."

Additional References:
This is the only occurrence in the New Testament.

A - Analyzing Classical Usage

Author: Work	Text
Polybius: Histories	"The citizens chose to share in the sufferings [συγκακουχέομαι] of their besieged allies"
Plutarch: Moralia	"The friends willingly endured hardships together [συγκακουχέομαι] in exile"
Diodorus: Library	"They preferred to be ill-treated together [συγκακουχέομαι] with their countrymen"

N - Noteworthy Summary

Συγκακουχέομαι powerfully illustrates the voluntary nature of identifying with God's suffering people. Through Moses' example, we see that choosing to share in the afflictions of God's people brings greater reward than temporal pleasures. This word proclaims that the good news of King Jesus often calls us to sacrifice worldly comfort for the sake of fellowship with His people.

D - Did You Know?

This word appears only once in the New Testament
It was specifically chosen to describe Moses' deliberate choice
Early Christians used it to describe voluntary martyrdom

Part of speech: Verb

Tags: suffering, persecution, voluntary-suffering, moses, identification, solidarity, affliction, fellowship, hebrews, biblical-greek, new-testament-greek, faithful-choices

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