Summary
Quick facts
- Strong’s Number
- G1394
- Original Word
- δόσις
- Transliteration
- dósis
- Pronunciation
- dos'-is
- Part of Speech
- noun
- Category
- Important Words
- Root / Etymology
- from the base of G1325 (δίδωμι);
- Frequency
- 2×
- Gematria
- 484
Where it appears
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Commentary
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The Hand That Opens Heaven
There is a mystery hidden in the act of giving that the world has not yet learned. The Greek word dósis appears only twice in all of Scripture, yet in those two moments, it holds the weight of heaven's economy. This is not the common word for a gift, nor the casual language of exchange between neighbors. This is the giving that reveals the giver's heart. The sages teach that when a hand opens to give, it mirrors the hand of the Almighty who opened the heavens at creation. In these two occurrences, you will find the entire story of how divine love becomes tangible.
The Root of the Matter
From the base of dídōmi, the word dósis carries the sense of an active giving — not merely the object given, but the very act of release. In classical Greek, this word could describe a bribe or a payment, something transactional and cold. But the Spirit of the Living God took this vessel and filled it with new wine. When the translators of the Septuagint needed a Greek word to render the Hebrew mattan (gift) or nathan (to give), they chose dósis to carry the covenant weight of a God who gives without regret. In Proverbs 21:14, the Septuagint uses dósis to describe a gift that turns away wrath — a hidden offering that brings peace. Already the word is being sanctified, lifted from the marketplace into the sanctuary.
The First Appearance
James, the brother of our Lord, was the first to take up this word in the New Testament. He writes that every good dósis and every perfect gift comes down from above, from the Father of lights (James 1:17). Notice the careful pairing: dósis is the act of giving, while the companion word speaks of the gift itself. James is teaching you that the manner of the giving matters as much as what is given. The early church understood this distinction deeply — they knew that a gift given with a divided heart is no gift at all. The Father gives as light gives: without shadow, without turning, without hesitation. His dósis is the outpouring of His very nature.
The Second Witness
Only one other voice in Scripture speaks this word. The apostle Paul, writing to the Philippians, describes the gifts sent to him in his imprisonment as a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, pleasing to God. He calls their generosity a dósis — not merely the money or the provisions, but the entire act of their love reaching across distance to sustain him (Philippians 4:15-17). Jewish tradition holds that the greatest giving is that which expects nothing in return, and here you see it fulfilled. The Philippians gave not to receive, but because their hearts had been captured by the same love that gave Messiah for the world. Their dósis became worship.
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The Septuagint Bridge
When you trace this word through the Greek Old Testament, you discover that dósis most often translates the Hebrew nathan, the verb of giving that appears more than two thousand times in Scripture. Yet dósis captures something specific: the giving that is complete, finished, released. In Genesis 30:20, Leah says, "God has given me a good gift" — and the Septuagint uses dósis here, marking the moment when barrenness gave way to blessing. In Ecclesiastes 3:13, the Preacher declares that every person should eat and drink and find enjoyment in their labor — this too is a dósis from God. The word becomes a testimony that every good thing, from children to daily bread, flows from the same generous hand.
The Apostolic Understanding
The fathers of the faith who followed the apostles saw in dósis a picture of the divine nature itself. Clement of Rome, writing to the Corinthians, spoke of how the Creator gives dósis to all creation — the rain in its season, the fruit of the earth, the breath in our lungs. The apostolic tradition teaches that giving is not something God does; it is something God is. When you encounter dósis in Scripture, you are standing at the threshold of the inner life of the Trinity. The Father gives to the Son, the Son gives to the Spirit, and the Spirit gives to the church. This is not a transaction but a river. The Greek philosophical mind sought the unmoved mover; the apostolic heart found the unending giver.
The Messianic Fulfillment
Yeshua is the ultimate dósis of the Father. Not merely a gift sent from heaven, but the very act of giving made flesh. When the Messiah said, "It is more blessed to give than to receive" (Acts 20:35), He was not offering moral instruction — He was describing His own life. He gave His teaching, His healing, His time, His body, His blood. The cross is not a transaction; it is the eternal dósis of the Father's love poured out in time. In the upper room, when He took the bread and gave thanks, the Greek word used is eucharistéō — but the dósis is what followed. He gave Himself. The early church saw in every Eucharist a re-presentation of this one perfect giving, the gift that makes all other giving possible.
Your Hand, Your Heart
Now the word turns toward you. You have received every dósis from above — the breath you just drew, the blood moving through your veins, the faith that opened your eyes to see Messiah. But you are also called to become a dósis yourself. The rabbis of old observed that a hand closed in a fist cannot receive, and a hand that never opens cannot bless. What is it that you are holding too tightly? What gift has been given to you that must now be passed on? Let your giving be as the Father's giving — without shadow, without turning, without regret. Let your hand open as heaven opened, and you will find that in the giving, you receive the Giver Himself.