Translations
F.O.G.MPrimary
F.O.G MessageTo them belong the patriarchs — and from them, by natural descent, came the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.GTheirs are the patriarchs — and from them, as regards the flesh, came Mashiach, who is Elohim over all, blessed into the ages. Amein.
KJV
King James VersionWhose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleTheirs are the patriarchs, and from them proceeds the human descent of Christ, who is God over all, forever worthy of praise! Amen.
Footnotes
The phrase ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων θεὸς εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας ("the One who is God over all, blessed into the ages") is one of the most significant christological statements in Paul's letters. Grammatically and contextually it most naturally flows as a predication about the Messiah just named, not a separate doxology to the Father, echoing Jewish doxological formulas applied to YHWH. Both translations render this as a direct affirmation of Messiah's divine identity. Some scholars argue for a separate doxology to the Father, but the syntax and immediate referent strongly favour the christological reading.
