Translations
F.O.G.MPrimary
F.O.G MessageAnd all who live upon the earth will worship it — all whose names were never inscribed in the Lamb's Book of Life, belonging to the Lamb who was slaughtered before the world was made.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.GAnd all who dwell on the earth will bow before it — everyone whose name has not been written in the scroll of life of the Lamb who was slain from the foundation of the world.
KJV
King James VersionAnd all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleAnd all who dwell on the earth will worship the beast—all whose names have not been written from the foundation of the world in the Book of Life belonging to the Lamb who was slain.
Footnotes
The phrase ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου ("from the foundation/casting-down of the world") grammatically can modify either the Lamb's slaughter (as both versions render it) or the writing of names — cf. Rev 17:8 where the same phrase clearly modifies the writing. Both versions align here: the Lamb's sacrifice is pre-cosmic in divine intention (cf. 1 Pet 1:19–20). The word καταβολή ("casting down/foundation") carries a faint resonance of the world being thrown down — creation as a kind of costly descent.
