Translations
F.O.G.MPrimary
F.O.G MessageEphraim feeds on wind, endlessly chasing the scorching east wind; he piles up deceit and violence; they seal a treaty with Assyria, and send tribute oil down to Egypt.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.GEfrayim grazes on wind and chases the east wind all day long; he heaps up lies and destruction; they cut a covenant with Ashshur, and oil is carried down to Mitzrayim.
KJV
King James VersionEphraim feedeth on wind, and followeth after the east wind: he daily increaseth lies and desolation; and they do make a covenant with the Assyrians, and oil is carried into Egypt.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleEphraim feeds on the wind and pursues the east wind all day long; he multiplies lies and violence; he makes a covenant with Assyria and sends olive oil to Egypt.
Footnotes
רֹעֶה רוּחַ (ro'eh ruach, 'grazes on wind'): the verb ra'ah is the word for shepherding or pasturing livestock — Ephraim is pictured as an animal that wanders and feeds on nothing substantial. The east wind (qadim) is the sirocco, a hot, withering desert wind associated with destruction (cf. Hos. 13:15); to 'chase' it is to pursue catastrophe. F.O.G retains the pastoral image ('grazes'); F.O.G Message sharpens the destructive heat.
