Translations
KJVPrimary
King James VersionHath in these last days spoken unto us by his Son, whom he hath appointed heir of all things, by whom also he made the worlds;
F.O.G.Secondary
The F.O.Gwhom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom He also fashioned the ages—
F.O.G.M.
F.O.G Messagewhom He appointed heir of everything, and through whom He made the entire universe—
BSB
Berean Standard BibleBut in these last days He has spoken to us by His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom He made the universe.
Footnotes
τοὺς αἰῶνας (plural of αἰών) literally means 'the ages' — ordered spans of time and the created reality structured within them. It is not simply 'the world' (κόσμος) or 'all things' (τὰ πάντα). The F.O.G retains 'ages' to preserve this temporal-cosmic breadth: the Son is the agent through whom all structured reality, including time itself, was framed. The F.O.G Message renders 'the entire universe' to convey the full scope to a modern reader for whom 'ages' sounds merely chronological. Both renderings are linguistically defensible; the tension between them reflects the Greek's own double resonance.
