Translations
F.O.G.MPrimary
F.O.G MessageHe fashioned the mercy seat of pure gold — two and a half cubits in length and a cubit and a half in width.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.GHe made the Kapporet of pure gold — two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
KJV
King James VersionAnd he made the mercy seat of pure gold: two cubits and a half was the length thereof, and one cubit and a half the breadth thereof.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleHe constructed a mercy seat of pure gold, two and a half cubits long and a cubit and a half wide.
Footnotes
The kapporet (כַּפֹּרֶת) derives from the root k-p-r, meaning to cover or to atone. It is the golden lid of the Ark where YHWH declared He would meet with Isra'el (Ex. 25:22), and the exact surface upon which the high priest sprinkled blood on Yom Kippur. The F.O.G retains the Hebrew term to hold its full semantic range — covering, atonement-place, and divine meeting point — in one untranslatable word. The F.O.G Message uses "mercy seat" (cf. Luther's Gnadenstuhl, "throne of grace"), foregrounding the theological reality that divine justice and covenant mercy converge here; this reading anticipates Messiah as the hilastērion — the atonement cover — in Romans 3:25, where Paul uses the Greek equivalent of kapporet directly.
