Translations
KJVPrimary
King James VersionAmong whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.Gamong whom we too all once conducted ourselves in the cravings of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and of the mind — and we were by nature children of wrath, just as the rest.
F.O.G.M
F.O.G Messageamong whom we all once lived, indulging the cravings of our flesh, doing whatever flesh and mind desired — and we were by nature children destined for wrath, just like everyone else.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleAll of us also lived among them at one time, fulfilling the cravings of our flesh and indulging its desires and thoughts. Like the rest, we were by nature children of wrath.
Footnotes
φύσει (by nature) is an adverb indicating constitutional condition, not merely habitual behaviour: the status of "children of wrath" is woven into what humanity had become, not only what it had done. F.O.G preserves "by nature children of wrath" literally; F.O.G Message renders "children destined for wrath," drawing out the covenantal consequence of that nature and sharpening the contrast with grace in verse 4.
