Translations
F.O.G.MPrimary
F.O.G MessageThey abandoned every commandment of Yahweh their God. They cast two molten calves; they erected an Asherah pole; they bowed down to all the starry host of heaven; and they served Baal.
F.O.GSecondary
The F.O.GThey abandoned all the commandments of YHWH their Elohim. They made themselves two molten calves; they made an Asherah pole; they bowed down to all the host of the skies; and they served Ba'al.
KJV
King James VersionAnd they left all the commandments of the LORD their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made a grove, and worshipped all the host of heaven, and served Baal.
BSB
Berean Standard BibleThey abandoned all the commandments of the LORD their God and made for themselves two cast idols of calves and an Asherah pole. They bowed down to all the host of heaven and served Baal.
Footnotes
צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם (*tseva hashamayim*, 'host of the skies') refers to the astral deities—sun, moon, planets, and stars worshipped as divine powers across the ancient Near East (cf. Deut. 4:19; 17:3). The two calves directly echo Jeroboam's installations at Beit-El and Dan (1 Kings 12:28–29), themselves echoing the golden calf at Sinai. The list of four apostasies—calves, Asherah, astral worship, Baal—represents total religious capitulation: every layer of Canaanite religion absorbed. FOG uses 'skies' to honour the concrete ancient cosmology; FOG Message uses 'starry host of heaven' to capture the liturgical grandeur—and the sin's full magnitude.