Brief Overview of μελετάω (Strong’s G3191: meletaō)

Unveiling the Word

Understanding the nuances of Greek words used in the New Testament is essential for gaining deeper insights into biblical texts and appreciating the cultural and historical context in which they were written. The word μελετάω (meletaō) is particularly significant in biblical studies because it conveys a sense of deliberate thought and meditation. It appears first in Mark 13:11, where Jesus instructs His disciples not to worry or premeditate what they will say when they are brought before councils, for the Holy Spirit will guide them. This word emphasizes the importance of trusting in divine guidance rather than relying solely on human preparation. It also reflects a broader cultural understanding in the ancient Greek world of the value of meditation and thoughtful reflection, both in personal life and in philosophical discourse.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: μελετάω (meletaō), pronounced [meh-leh-TAH-oh].

Etymology: The word μελετάω is derived from the root μέλω (melo), which means “to care” or “to be concerned with.” This root gives the word a foundational meaning of thoughtful attention or diligent care. The verb form μελετάω intensifies this concept, suggesting a focused and deliberate form of thought, preparation, or practice.

Part of Speech: Verb. This verb form is used to describe an action and can be conjugated to indicate different tenses, voices, and moods, depending on the context in which it is used.

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Defining Meanings

1. To Meditate or Contemplate: This is the primary meaning of μελετάω. It denotes a deep, thoughtful consideration of a subject, often in a reflective or spiritual context.
2. To Practice or Exercise: In some contexts, μελετάω can also mean to practice or rehearse something, indicating a preparatory action.
3. To Care For or Be Concerned With: This meaning is more closely tied to the root μέλω and suggests a form of caring attention or concern.

Exploring Similar Words

1. λογίζομαι (logizomai) [loh-GEE-zoh-my]: This word means “to reckon” or “to think logically.” It differs from μελετάω as it focuses more on rational calculation rather than reflective meditation.
2. διαλογίζομαι (dialogizomai) [dee-ah-loh-GEE-zoh-my]: This word means “to discuss” or “to reason.” It implies a dialogue or exchange of thoughts, contrasting with the inward focus of μελετάω.
3. προσέχω (prosechō) [pros-EKH-oh]: This word means “to pay attention” or “to heed.” While it shares a sense of attention, it usually refers to focusing on external stimuli rather than internal meditation.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

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Tense, Voice, Mood:

• Present Indicative: μελετῶ (I meditate)
• Imperfect Indicative: ἐμελετῶν (I was meditating)
• Future Indicative: μελετήσω (I will meditate)
• Aorist Indicative: ἐμελέτησα (I meditated)
• Perfect Indicative: μεμελέτηκα (I have meditated)
• Aorist Subjunctive: μελετήσω (that I may meditate)

Person and Number: The verb can be conjugated in the first, second, and third persons, both singular and plural, depending on the subject.

Aspect: The verb can express different aspects:

• Imperfective: Continuous or repeated action, e.g., “I am meditating.”
• Perfective: Completed action, e.g., “I have meditated.”

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Studying Lexicon Insights

The word μελετάω appears in the New Testament and is used to convey a sense of thoughtful consideration, often with a spiritual or practical focus. In Mark 13:11, it instructs against premeditation, emphasizing reliance on the Holy Spirit rather than on human planning. Classical Greek sources also use μελετάω in the context of practicing skills or disciplines, highlighting its role in both intellectual and physical preparation. Theologically, it suggests an attitude of trust in God’s provision and wisdom, especially when faced with challenging circumstances. Its usage in the New Testament and other ancient texts provides a rich tapestry of meanings, from reflective meditation to active preparation.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

1. Mark 13:11: “But when they arrest you and deliver you up, do not worry beforehand, or premeditate [μελετᾶτε] what you will speak. But whatever is given you in that hour, speak that; for it is not you who speak, but the Holy Spirit.”
2. 1 Timothy 4:15: “Meditate [μελετᾶ] on these things; give yourself entirely to them, that your progress may be evident to all.”
3. Acts 4:25: “Who by the mouth of Your servant David have said: ‘Why did the nations rage, and the people plot [μελέτησαν] vain things?’”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Noteworthy Summary

The Greek verb μελετάω carries a rich range of meanings, from thoughtful meditation to diligent practice. In the New Testament, it often emphasizes trusting in divine guidance over human planning, as seen in Mark 13:11. Its classical usage aligns with philosophical and ethical training, illustrating the importance of mindful preparation and contemplation in both personal and spiritual development.

Did You Know?

1. In ancient Greek culture, μελετάω was often used in the context of training for public speaking or athletics, highlighting the importance of preparation and discipline.
2. The Greek word μελετάω is related to the English word “meditate,” both emphasizing deep, focused thought.
3. In biblical contexts, μελετάω is frequently associated with spiritual reflection and reliance on God, contrasting with the self-reliance emphasized in Greek philosophy.