Brief Overview of μεσόω (Strong’s G3322: mesóō)

Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek words in biblical texts can provide deeper insight into the original meaning and context of the scriptures. The Greek verb μεσόω (mesóō), first appearing in John 7:14, means “to be in the middle” or “to reach the midpoint.” This word carries significance in biblical studies because it helps convey timing and progression within a narrative, whether it pertains to an event, a journey, or a period of time. By studying words like μεσόω, readers can better appreciate the nuances and precision of the New Testament language, enhancing their understanding of the scriptures.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: μεσόω (mesóō) [meh-SO-oh].

Etymology: The word μεσόω is derived from the root mesos (μέσος), which means “middle” or “midst.” It combines with the verb form to indicate the action of reaching or being in the middle of something, whether it’s a spatial location, a point in time, or a process.

Part of Speech: Verb. As a verb, μεσόω is used to describe an action related to the midpoint of a period, place, or event. It follows regular Greek verb conjugation patterns, making it adaptable to different tenses, voices, and moods.

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Defining Meanings

1. To Reach the Middle: This primary meaning of μεσόω indicates arriving at the midpoint of something, such as a festival, a journey, or a set time period. In John 7:14, it describes Jesus reaching the midpoint of the Feast of Tabernacles before He begins teaching.
2. To Be in the Midst: Beyond indicating a physical or temporal midpoint, μεσόω can imply being in the midst of an event or situation, focusing attention on the central action or turning point.
3. To Progress Toward Completion: In some contexts, μεσόω can carry a connotation of progress toward the fulfillment or climax of an event, emphasizing the significance of the midpoint as a marker of advancement.

Exploring Similar Words

1. μέσος (mésos) [MEH-sos]: Meaning “middle” or “midst,” this adjective is the root of μεσόω. It describes the central position or part of an object or event, while μεσόω describes the action of reaching or being in that middle position.
2. διεξέρχομαι (diexérchomai) [dee-ex-ER-kho-my]: Meaning “to go through” or “to traverse,” this word differs from μεσόω in that it emphasizes passing through an entire space or period rather than focusing on the middle.
3. διαπέραω (diapéraw) [dee-ah-PEH-rah-oh]: This verb means “to complete a journey” or “to finish,” contrasting with μεσόω by emphasizing the end rather than the middle.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

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As a verb, μεσόω is conjugated according to regular verb paradigms in Greek. Below is an example of its conjugation in the Present Indicative Active form:

This table shows how the verb changes depending on the subject’s person and number. For more on Greek grammar, Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek.

Studying Lexicon Insights

In biblical lexicons, μεσόω is noted for its specific use in John 7:14, where it describes the timing of Jesus’ appearance at the feast. BDAG emphasizes its temporal aspect, while Thayer’s lexicon highlights its role in indicating the middle phase of an event. LSJ also notes its classical usage, where it can describe being at the middle point of any process or journey. In the context of John’s Gospel, μεσόω marks a pivotal moment in the narrative, where Jesus chooses to teach publicly despite the ongoing controversy about His identity and mission.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

1. John 7:14: “But when it was now the midst [μεσόω] of the feast, Jesus went up into the temple and began to teach.”
2. Acts 27:27: “But when the fourteenth night had come, as we were being driven across the Adriatic Sea, about midnight [μεσόω], the sailors suspected that they were nearing land.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Noteworthy Summary

The verb μεσόω captures the essence of being in the midst or at the midpoint of something, whether it’s time, a journey, or an event. Its use in John 7:14 signifies a turning point in the narrative, as Jesus begins to teach publicly during the Feast of Tabernacles. Understanding μεσόω enriches the reader’s perception of timing and progression within the biblical text and illustrates how Greek verbs can convey complex temporal and spatial concepts.

Did You Know?

1. The word μεσόω appears only once in the New Testament, making it a rare and unique term for indicating timing.
2. In classical literature, μεσόω was often used to describe the middle of the night or a journey, emphasizing the pivotal nature of that moment.
3. The related noun μέσος is more common and is used to describe positions and locations, such as being “in the midst” of a crowd or situation.