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Introduction
Understanding Greek words is crucial for biblical studies because it provides deeper insight into the original texts of the New Testament. The Greek word ζητέω (zēteō) is particularly significant because it appears frequently in contexts related to seeking, searching, or striving for something. Its meaning and usage reveal nuances in New Testament passages that can shed light on spiritual and practical implications for both ancient and modern readers.
Key Information
- The Greek Word: ζητέω (zēteō), pronounced [dzay-TEH-oh].
- Etymology: Derived from a primary verb of uncertain affinity.
- Part of Speech: Verb (present, active, indicative, or imperative forms; varies by context).
- The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.
Primary Meanings
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- To seek or search for something.
- To desire, demand, or endeavor.
- To aim at or strive after.
- To inquire or investigate.
Similar Words: ζητέω (zēteō) is often compared to related words like ἐπιζητέω (epizēteō), which means to seek earnestly, and ἐκζητέω (ekzēteō), which implies a diligent search or inquiry. While ζητέω is more general, these related terms suggest a more intense or thorough searching process.
Further Insights: The word ζητέω appears in various grammatical forms, primarily in the present, active, indicative, and imperative moods. As a verb, it is conjugated in multiple tenses, which can change the nuance of the action described. Below is a simplified table showing the conjugation of ζητέω in the present indicative active form:
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Person | ζητῶ (I seek) | ζητοῦμεν (we seek) |
| 2nd Person | ζητεῖς (you seek) | ζητεῖτε (you all seek) |
| 3rd Person | ζητεῖ (he/she/it seeks) | ζητοῦσιν (they seek) |
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Lexicon Insights
BDAG: ζητέω refers broadly to the act of searching, seeking, or desiring something, with an emphasis on intent and action. It is often used in contexts of moral or spiritual pursuit.
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Thayers: The term is used to denote a quest for something hidden or a purposeful seeking after something valued. It also highlights the concept of striving or endeavoring after something.
Vines: Vines defines ζητέω in the context of pursuit, ranging from seeking God’s will to the earnest quest for truth or wisdom. It emphasizes the active nature of the search.
LSJ: In classical usage, ζητέω covers meanings from simple searching to more profound inquiries, such as philosophical or rhetorical pursuits.
Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: ζητέω is indexed under the broader context of striving, searching, or aiming for, often with an ethical or spiritual connotation.
Related Scripture References
- Matthew 6:33: “But seek [ζητεῖτε] first His kingdom and His righteousness, and all these things will be added to you.”
- Luke 19:10: “For the Son of Man has come to seek [ζητῆσαι] and to save that which was lost.”
- Hebrews 11:6: “And without faith it is impossible to please Him, for he who comes to God must believe that He is and that He is a rewarder of those who seek [ζητοῦσιν] Him.”
- John 7:34: “You will seek [ζητήσετε] Me, and will not find Me; and where I am, you cannot come.”
- Acts 17:27: “That they would seek [ζητεῖν] God, if perhaps they might grope for Him and find Him, though He is not far from each one of us.”
Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | English Text |
|---|---|---|
| Plato | Republic | “He who seeks (ζητέω) after truth.” |
| Aristotle | Nicomachean Ethics | “Virtue is something to be sought (ζητέω) after for its own sake.” |
| Herodotus | Histories | “The gods are not to be sought (ζητέω) without reason.” |
| Septuagint | Psalm 34:10 | “The young lions do lack and suffer hunger; but they who seek (ζητοῦντες) the Lord shall not lack.” |
| Septuagint | Proverbs 8:17 | “I love those who love me, and those who seek (ζητοῦντες) me diligently will find me.” |
| Septuagint | Isaiah 55:6 | “Seek (ζητεῖτε) the Lord while He may be found; call upon Him while He is near.” |
Summary of ζητέω (G2212: zēteō)
The Greek word ζητέω (zēteō), meaning “to seek,” is a versatile verb that plays a significant role in New Testament interpretation and ancient Greek literature. It encapsulates both the physical act of searching and the spiritual endeavor of seeking after God, truth, or wisdom. The various nuances of this word, as reflected in different lexicons and scripture references, provide a rich context for understanding its applications in both biblical and classical Greek literature.
Did You Know?
- The word ζητέω appears in over 100 verses in the New Testament, emphasizing its importance in the context of seeking spiritual truths.
- In ancient Greek philosophy, ζητέω was often used in discussions about the pursuit of virtue, truth, and knowledge, underscoring its broader cultural and philosophical significance.
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