1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: Achlys

Root Words: Possibly from a root meaning “mist” or “darkness.”

Primary Meanings:

• Mist, haze, or obscurity.
• Darkness or gloom, often used metaphorically to describe confusion or lack of clarity.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: Highlights the metaphorical usage of ἀχλύς to describe spiritual or moral obscurity, often in theological contexts reflecting a state of spiritual blindness or confusion.

Thayer’s: Discusses the literal and figurative uses, noting its application in describing physical and spiritual conditions.

Vines: Examines the term within the context of Biblical passages, focusing on its implications for understanding spiritual states of darkness or moral ambiguity.

LSJ: Provides a broader classical context, showing how ἀχλύς is used in Greek literature to depict both physical mists and metaphorical states of uncertainty or obscurity.

Strong’s Exhaustive: Lists Biblical references where ἀχλύς is used to symbolize lack of spiritual clarity or the dimming of divine truth.

Bible Verses:

• In Acts 13:11, the word ἀχλύς is used when Paul speaks to Elymas the sorcerer, saying, “And now, behold, the hand of the Lord is upon thee, and thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a season.” Here, ἀχλύς describes the sudden physical blindness that falls upon Elymas, serving as a strong metaphorical element representing spiritual blindness or darkness. This biblical reference indeed ties the physical manifestation of blindness to a deeper, spiritual context, emphasizing the consequences of Elymas’s actions against the preaching of Paul and Barnabas.

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• In Hellenistic poetry, used to evoke scenes enveloped in mist or dim light, enhancing the mysterious or foreboding atmosphere.
• Philosophical texts may use ἀχλύς to describe the human condition of ignorance or the struggle for enlightenment.
• Dramatic literature often employs the concept to symbolize confusion or a character’s lack of insight into their fate or the nature of the gods.

4. Summary:

ἀχλύς (achlys) encapsulates themes of obscurity and darkness, both literal and metaphorical. Its usage spans from environmental descriptions in classical literature to profound theological discussions in Christian texts, symbolizing the human condition of confusion or moral ambiguity. Understanding ἀχλύς provides insight into ancient perspectives on human perception, spiritual blindness, and the often-blurred line between physical and metaphysical realms. This term’s exploration through various lexicons reveals its depth and versatility in describing states of visibility and understanding, highlighting its importance in both ancient and religious texts.