1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: Acharistos

Root Words: Comes from ἀ- (a-, negation) + χάρις (charis, grace), literally meaning ‘without grace’ or ‘ungracious’.

Primary Meanings:

• Ungrateful, unthankful.
• Lacking appreciation for kindness received.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: Highlights the primary usage of ἀχάριστος as ‘ungrateful’ or ‘thankless’, particularly in moral contexts where reciprocity of kindness is expected but absent.

Thayer’s: Elaborates on the cultural implications of ingratitude in ancient contexts, considering it a significant social and moral failing.

Vines: Focuses on the ethical teachings within Christian doctrine, emphasizing the negative connotations of being unthankful as contrary to expected Christian virtues.

LSJ: Discusses the broader usage of ἀχάριστος in classical Greek texts, often connected with descriptions of character that lacks civic virtues.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Lists occurrences and translations, associating ἀχάριστος with moral teachings in the New Testament.

Bible Verses:

• Luke 6:35, “…for he is kind to the ungrateful and the wicked.”
• 2 Timothy 3:2, “People will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, proud, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy…”

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• Plato: Often uses the term in his discussions of ethics, particularly in dialogues that explore the reciprocity of good deeds and societal expectations of gratitude.
• Aristotle: Mentions ἀχάριστος in the context of discussions on virtue ethics, particularly in how ingratitude can disrupt social harmony and personal honor.
• Euripides: In his tragedies, characters described as ἀχάριστος often face moral dilemmas or tragic outcomes due to their ingratitude, reflecting on the consequences of such a trait.

4. Summary:

ἀχάριστος (Acharistos) serves as a critical term within both biblical and classical Greek literature, denoting the absence of gratitude, which is viewed negatively across various social and moral contexts. This term underscores the importance of reciprocity and thankfulness as foundational to maintaining ethical relationships and societal bonds in ancient cultures, a theme that is echoed in religious texts and moral teachings. The examination of ἀχάριστος through theological, literary, and philosophical lenses reveals a universal disdain for ingratitude, highlighting its role as a disruptor of social and divine order.