1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: aphnō

Root Words: Possibly derived from a base meaning “sudden” or “unexpected”.

Primary Meanings:

• Suddenly or abruptly.
• Denotes an immediate or unexpected occurrence.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: Focuses on its use to describe suddenness in events or actions, particularly emphasizing the lack of warning or preparation involved.

Thayer’s: Elaborates on the immediate nature of actions described by ἄφνω, often in contexts where the suddenness has significant impact.

Vines: Analyzes the theological implications of sudden divine interventions or revelations as described in scriptural contexts.

LSJ: Provides examples of usage in classical texts where ἄφνω is employed to describe abrupt transitions or events.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Lists biblical occurrences that highlight the term’s dramatic flair in narrative contexts.

Bible Verses:

• Luke 2:13: Describes the sudden appearance of the heavenly host praising God.
• Acts 22:6: Narrates Paul’s sudden encounter with a light from heaven.

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• Herodotus’ Histories: Describes sudden changes in battle conditions or political situations.
• Euripides’ Plays: Used to depict sudden emotional outbursts or divine interventions.
• Aristophanes’ Comedies: Often used for comic effect, emphasizing abrupt and humorous turns in the plot.

4. Summary:

ἄφνω (aphnō) captures the essence of suddenness and immediacy, effectively conveying the shock and unexpectedness of events both in classical and biblical literature. It is particularly useful in narratives to enhance dramatic tension or highlight significant turns in the storyline. BDAG and other lexicons underscore its impactful usage in theological and historical texts, marking it as a crucial word for understanding narrative dynamics that hinge on surprise and abrupt change.