1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: aphistēmi

Root Words: From ἀπό (apo, “from”) + ἵστημι (histēmi, “to stand”), indicating a movement away from a standing position or state.

Primary Meanings:

• To depart or withdraw from a person or place.
• To revolt or desert in a military or political context.
• To fall away or apostatize, particularly in religious contexts.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: Primarily notes its use in contexts of separation or desertion, either physically, socially, or metaphorically, with emphasis on religious apostasy.

Thayer’s: Explores the nuances of revolt and withdrawal, highlighting uses in historical and religious texts.

Vines: Concentrates on the theological implications of falling away from faith, as used in the New Testament.

LSJ: Details its broader classical usage in literature, where it might describe physical departure or a metaphorical distancing from beliefs or practices.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Identifies occurrences in the Bible, often in the context of abandoning faith or positions.

Bible Verses:

• Acts 5:37: Refers to Judas of Galilee who drew people away after him.
• 2 Thessalonians 2:3: Discusses a rebellion or falling away as part of eschatological events.

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• Thucydides’ History: Describes political defections and military desertions during the Peloponnesian War.
• Plato’s Dialogues: Often used metaphorically to describe departure from philosophical truths or ethical norms.
• Sophocles’ Plays: Utilized to illustrate characters distancing themselves from societal norms or divine commands.

4. Summary:

ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi) captures a broad spectrum of separation, from physical departure to ideological or spiritual rebellion. Its examination across lexicons like BDAG and Thayer’s provides a deep understanding of its layered uses, from historical narratives to theological discussions. This term is pivotal in discussions of loyalty, faith, and personal conviction, reflecting significant shifts whether in ancient military tactics, political movements, or spiritual journeys. Its impact is felt from classical literature to New Testament writings, marking it as a key word for understanding shifts in allegiance and belief systems.