Understanding Ἀρτεμᾶς (Artemas) Strong’s G734: The Trusted Companion Who Carried Paul’s Kingdom Mission

Pronunciation Guide: ar-tem-AS

Basic Definition

Strong’s G734: Ἀρτεμᾶς was a trusted co-worker of the Apostle Paul, whose name appears to be a shortened form of Artemidorus, meaning “gift of Artemis.” While mentioned only once in Scripture, his selection by Paul for a crucial mission to Crete indicates he was a highly capable and trustworthy leader in the early Messianic community.

Etymology and Morphology

• Proper noun (masculine)
• Origin: Greek
• Derived from Ἄρτεμις (Artemis) + δῶρον (gift)
• Used in narrative/epistolary context
• Found in Pauline literature

Ἀρτεμᾶς Morphology:

• Ἀρτεμᾶς (nominative singular) – Artemas
• Ἀρτεμᾶν (accusative singular) – Artemas (as object)
• Ἀρτεμᾷ (dative singular) – to/for Artemas

Origin & History

The name Ἀρτεμᾶς represents a shortened form of Artemidorus, a common name in the Hellenistic world meaning “gift of Artemis.” In classical Greek literature, similar name formations are found in works like Xenophon’s “Anabasis” where names combining deity references with δῶρον were common among the educated class.

The practice of shortened names was common in both Greek and Jewish culture, as seen in names like Apollos (from Apollonius) and Silas (from Silvanus). This linguistic phenomenon reflects the cultural fusion present in the first-century Mediterranean world where the early Messianic community flourished.

Expanded Definitions & Translation Options

• A trusted co-worker of Paul
• A capable leader in the early Messianic community
• A Greek believer chosen for significant ministry responsibility

Ἀρτεμᾶς Translation Options:

• “Artemas” – Direct transliteration, preserving the historical person’s identity
• “Gift of Artemis” – Etymology-based translation, though not typically used in Bible versions
• “Artemidorus” – Full form of the name, used in some historical reconstructions

Biblical Usage

Ἀρτεμᾶς appears in a significant context in Titus 3:12, where Paul indicates his intention to send either him or Tychicus to Crete. This singular reference places Ἀρτεμᾶς in the company of Paul’s most trusted associates, as Tychicus is consistently shown to be a key figure in Paul’s ministry (Ephesians 6:21, Colossians 4:7).

The mission to Crete was crucial for several reasons: it involved temporarily replacing Titus, managing complex church situations, and maintaining Pauline doctrine in a challenging environment. Paul’s willingness to send Ἀρτεμᾶς for such a task speaks volumes about his character and capabilities.

• “When I send Artemas [Ἀρτεμᾶς] to you, or Tychicus, make every effort to come to me at Nicopolis, for I have decided to spend the winter there.” Titus 3:12

Cultural Insights

In the first-century Roman Empire, the practice of sending trusted representatives (apostoloi) was common in both Jewish and Greco-Roman traditions. Such representatives carried full authority of the sender and were expected to accurately represent their teacher’s views and instructions. This cultural backdrop illuminates Paul’s choice of Ἀρτεμᾶς as his potential representative to Crete.

The name’s connection to Artemis, while potentially problematic for modern readers, reflects the reality of the Hellenistic world into which the gospel was spreading. Many early believers retained their birth names regardless of pagan associations, demonstrating that their new identity in the Messiah superseded cultural naming conventions.

Theological Significance

The inclusion of Ἀρτεμᾶς in Paul’s inner circle of trusted co-workers illustrates the transformative power of the gospel to transcend cultural and religious boundaries. Here was someone whose very name referenced a pagan deity, yet was entrusted with shepherding a community of believers. This demonstrates the New Covenant’s fulfillment of prophecies about the nations being gathered into God’s people.

The fact that Paul considered Ἀρτεμᾶς qualified to potentially replace Titus in Crete shows how the early Messianic community valued character and spiritual maturity above cultural or religious background. This reflects the profound truth that in the Messiah, there is neither Jew nor Greek, but all are one in Him (Galatians 3:28).

Personal Application

Ἀρτεμᾶς reminds us that God often works through seemingly ordinary people to accomplish His extraordinary purposes. Just as he was chosen for a crucial mission despite only being mentioned once in Scripture, we too may be called to significant service regardless of our public profile or recognition.

His story also encourages believers from non-Jewish backgrounds that they can be fully utilized in God’s kingdom work. Our past associations or cultural background need not limit our future usefulness in God’s service when we walk in faithfulness and spiritual maturity.

Related Words

• Τυχικός (Tychikos) – “Fortunate”; Paul’s faithful messenger who was considered alongside Artemas for the Cretan mission. See G5190
• ἀπόστολος (apostolos) – “Sent one”; describes the role Artemas would fulfill as Paul’s representative. See G652
• συνεργός (sunergos) – “Fellow worker”; the likely role Artemas played in Paul’s ministry team. See G4904
• διάκονος (diakonos) – “Servant/minister”; reflecting the service-oriented leadership exemplified by Artemas. See G1249

Did you Know?

• Early church traditions suggest that Ἀρτεμᾶς later became the bishop of Lystra, though this cannot be verified with certainty. This tradition appears in the Apostolic Constitutions, a fourth-century document about church order.
• The name Ἀρτεμᾶς continues to be used in modern Greece, though now more commonly as a surname, showing the enduring influence of early Christian figures on Greek culture.
• Archaeological evidence from first-century Crete shows the widespread influence of Artemis worship, making Ἀρτεμᾶς’s ministry there particularly significant as a testament to the gospel’s power to transform cultural identities.

Remember This

Ἀρτεμᾶς stands as a powerful reminder that God’s kingdom advances through faithful servants whose impact often exceeds their brief mentions in Scripture.