Understanding ἀπόδεκτος (apodektos) Strong’s G587: The Divine Standard of What is Acceptable and Pleasing Before God

Pronunciation Guide: ah-POH-dek-tos (emphasize second syllable)

Basic Definition

Strong’s G587: ἀπόδεκτος describes that which is fully acceptable, welcomed, and pleasing – particularly in relation to what is received favorably before God. It carries the profound connotation of divine approval and acceptance, going beyond mere human standards of acceptability. The word implies both the act of receiving with approval and the inherent quality that makes something worthy of such acceptance.

Etymology and Morphology

• Part of Speech: Verbal adjective
• Derived from ἀποδέχομαι (apodechomai, G588) meaning “to receive with approval”
• Compound word: ἀπό (from) + δέχομαι (to receive, accept)
• Used primarily in teaching and epistolary literature
• Appears in both attributive and predicative positions

ἀπόδεκτος Morphology:

• ἀπόδεκτος (nominative singular masculine/feminine) – acceptable
• ἀπόδεκτον (nominative/accusative singular neuter) – acceptable thing
• ἀποδέκτου (genitive singular) – of what is acceptable
• ἀποδέκτῳ (dative singular) – to/in what is acceptable

Origin & History

The term ἀπόδεκτος emerged from classical Greek administrative and legal contexts, where it denoted official approval or acceptance of documents, persons, or actions. In Hellenistic Greek, it gained broader usage in diplomatic correspondence and official declarations.

In the Septuagint, while the verb form ἀποδέχομαι appears frequently, the adjective ἀπόδεκτος is notably absent, making its New Testament usage particularly significant. The early church fathers, particularly Clement of Alexandria in his “Stromata” and Origen in “Contra Celsum,” expanded its usage to describe actions and attitudes that were particularly pleasing to God.

Expanded Definitions & Translation Options

• That which is fully acceptable and welcomed with approval
• Something meeting divine standards of acceptability
• That which is received favorably and with pleasure
• Something worthy of acceptance based on inherent quality

ἀπόδεκτος Translation Options:

• “Acceptable” – Emphasizes meeting a standard of approval
• “Pleasing” – Highlights the positive reception aspect
• “Welcome” – Stresses the warmth of reception
• “Commendable” – Focuses on the praiseworthy quality
• “Approved” – Emphasizes official or authoritative acceptance

Biblical Usage

In the New Testament, ἀπόδεκτος appears only twice, both times in the Pastoral Epistles. Its usage is particularly significant as it relates to what God considers acceptable and pleasing. The word carries special weight in defining standards of behavior and devotion that align with divine approval.

The context of its usage suggests a connection to both personal piety and public witness, highlighting actions and attitudes that are not merely good in human estimation but specifically pleasing to God. This divine perspective on acceptability raises the standard beyond mere social or cultural approval.

• “[This is] good and acceptable [ἀπόδεκτος] in the sight of God our Savior” 1 Timothy 2:3
• “For this is good and acceptable [ἀπόδεκτος] in the sight of God our Savior” 1 Timothy 5:4

Cultural Insights

In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of what was “acceptable” often related to social status and civic duty. However, the biblical usage of ἀπόδεκτος deliberately shifts this paradigm. While Roman society emphasized acceptance based on social standing and public achievement, the New Testament redefines acceptability through the lens of divine standards.

This transformation of meaning would have been particularly striking to first-century readers, as it challenged the prevailing cultural values of their day. The term’s usage in Timothy specifically connects divine approval with actions that might have seemed insignificant by Roman standards – such as caring for family members and praying for all people, including authorities.

Theological Significance

The use of ἀπόδεκτος in the New Testament reveals a profound truth about God’s character and His standards. Unlike human systems of approval that often favor the externally impressive, God’s standard of what is acceptable often emphasizes the heart’s motivation and faithfulness in seemingly small matters.

This word choice in Timothy’s letters serves to elevate ordinary acts of faithfulness and family duty to the realm of divine approval. It demonstrates that God’s acceptance operates on a different plane than human approval systems, often validating what the world might overlook or undervalue.

The term also carries implications for understanding how believers can live lives pleasing to God. It suggests that divine acceptance isn’t earned through extraordinary achievements but through faithful obedience in ordinary circumstances, particularly in how we treat others and fulfill our responsibilities.

Personal Application

Understanding ἀπόδεκτος challenges us to shift our focus from seeking human approval to pursuing what is truly acceptable in God’s sight. This might mean reevaluating our priorities and recognizing that seemingly mundane acts of service and devotion carry profound spiritual significance when done with the right heart.

In practical terms, this understanding should influence how we approach both our spiritual practices and daily responsibilities. Whether in prayer, family care, or community service, we can be encouraged that God takes note of and approves these acts of faithful service, even when they go unrecognized by others.

Related Words

• δεκτός (dektos) – acceptable, welcome; used of what is approved particularly in religious contexts. See G1184
• εὐάρεστος (euarestos) – well-pleasing, acceptable; emphasizes the quality of bringing pleasure or satisfaction. See G2101
• εὐπρόσδεκτος (euprosdektos) – favorably accepted, welcomed; suggests eager acceptance. See G2144
• χαριτόω (charitoo) – to make acceptable, to favor highly; implies bestowal of divine grace. See G5487

Did you Know?

• In ancient Greek administrative documents, ἀπόδεκτος was often used as an official stamp of approval on legal documents, similar to modern notary seals, indicating that something had passed official inspection and was deemed acceptable.
• The compound nature of ἀπόδεκτος (ἀπό + δέχομαι) suggests not just passive acceptance but active and deliberate approval, implying thoughtful evaluation before acceptance is granted.
• Modern Greek still uses derivatives of ἀπόδεκτος in official contexts, particularly in legal and educational settings, where it describes meeting required standards or gaining official acceptance.

Remember This

ἀπόδεκτος reminds us that true acceptability is measured not by human standards but by God’s perfect assessment of our hearts and actions.