Strong’s G5504: An adverb denoting “yesterday,” derived from Proto-Indo-European roots. Used in biblical contexts to emphasize the unchanging nature of God’s faithfulness across time, particularly in reference to temporal events and divine constancy. Appears in pivotal narratives demonstrating God’s healing power.

U- Unveiling the Word

ἐχθές carries profound theological significance beyond its simple temporal meaning of “yesterday.” In New Testament usage, it often appears in contexts emphasizing God’s consistent character and works. The word bridges the gap between past and present, highlighting the Messiah’s unchanging nature. In John 4:52, it marks the precise moment of divine healing, demonstrating God’s immediate response to faith. The early church understood this temporal marker as evidence of God’s active involvement in human affairs, showing His power isn’t confined to distant history but manifests in recent, verifiable events.

N – Necessary Information

• Greek Word: ἐχθές, echthes, ekh’-thes
• Pronunciation: eh-kh-THES (with aspirated ‘kh’ sound)
• Part of Speech: Adverb

Etymology:

• Derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₁egh + *dhes
• Root *h₁egh meaning “out, away”
• Suffix *dhes indicating time reference

D – Defining Meanings

• Primary meaning: yesterday
• Recently, in recent time
• The day before

For compound words: Not applicable as this is a simple word

Translation Options:

• Yesterday – Most precise for temporal references
• Recently – When context implies near past
• The day before – When specific sequence is emphasized

E – Exploring Similar Words

• σήμερον (semeron, SAY-mer-on) – meaning “today” – See G4594
• αὔριον (aurion, OW-ree-on) – meaning “tomorrow” – See G839
• πάλαι (palai, pa-LYE) – meaning “long ago” – See G3819

R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

As an adverb, ἐχθές is indeclinable, meaning it maintains the same form regardless of its position or function in a sentence. Unlike nouns or verbs, it doesn’t change form for:

• Case
• Number
• Gender
• Person

The word functions to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing temporal context to the action or state being described.

S – Studying Lexicon Insights

The major lexicons consistently emphasize ἐχθές as a precise temporal marker. BDAG notes its use in both literal and figurative contexts, while Thayer’s highlights its role in historical narratives. LSJ provides evidence of its consistent meaning from classical through Koine Greek. Vine’s emphasizes its importance in establishing chronological sequence in biblical narratives. Moulton and Milligan’s papyrological evidence shows its common usage in everyday life, supporting its straightforward temporal meaning in the New Testament.

T – Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:

Then he inquired of them the hour when he began to get better. So they said to him, “Yesterday [ἐχθές] at the seventh hour the fever left him.”

Additional References:
Hebrews 13:8
Acts 7:28

A – Analyzing Classical Usage

N – Noteworthy Summary

The significance of ἐχθές extends beyond mere chronological reference. In biblical usage, it serves as a powerful reminder of God’s immediate and active presence in human affairs. The word appears in contexts of healing, divine intervention, and faithfulness, emphasizing that our Lord isn’t distant in time but intimately involved in our daily lives. This temporal marker reminds us that the Messiah who worked yesterday is the same today, highlighting the beautiful truth of His unchanging nature and constant care for His people.

D – Did You Know?

• ἐχθές is one of only three specific time-reference adverbs used in the New Testament for sequential days
• Its usage in John 4:52 helps establish the exact timing of one of Jesus’ long-distance healing miracles
• The word appears in some of the earliest known Greek papyri, showing its endurance across millennia

Strong’s G5504: An adverb denoting “yesterday,” derived from Proto-Indo-European roots. Used in biblical contexts to emphasize the unchanging nature of God’s faithfulness across time, particularly in reference to temporal events and divine constancy. Appears in pivotal narratives demonstrating God’s healing power.

Part of speech: Adverb

Tags: time, yesterday, temporal reference, chronology, biblical timeline, healing, divine faithfulness, historical narrative, Greek adverbs, biblical Greek​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​