Strong’s G5164: A masculine noun meaning “wheel” or “course,” trochos appears in James’s warning about the tongue’s influence. Used metaphorically for the course of life, it emphasizes how words can affect the entire cycle of human existence.

U- Unveiling the Word

The Greek word τροχός (trochos) literally refers to a wheel or circular course, but carries deeper metaphorical significance in the New Testament. In James, it appears in a powerful warning about the tongue’s ability to affect the “wheel of nature” or course of life. The image draws from both the destructive potential of wagon wheels and the cyclical nature of human existence. The early church fathers frequently used τροχός when discussing the far-reaching effects of speech and conduct. Today, this word continues to remind believers about the widespread impact of their words and actions.

N – Necessary Information

• Greek Word: τροχός, trochos, tro-KHOS
• Detailed pronunciation: τρο (tro) + χός (KHOS)
• Part of Speech: Noun

Etymology:

• Root: τρέχω (trecho) meaning “to run”
• Suffix: -ός (-os) forming noun
• Basic meaning: “runner/wheel”

D – Defining Meanings

• Primary meaning: “wheel”
• Course or cycle
• Circular path
• Life’s orbit

For compound words: Not applicable as τροχός is a simple noun

Translation Options:

1. “wheel” – Literal meaning
2. “course” – Metaphorical meaning
3. “cycle” – Conceptual meaning

E – Exploring Similar Words

κύκλος (kuklos) [KOO-klos] – circle/cycle – See G2945
τροχιά (trochia) [tro-khee-AH] – wheel-track – See G5163
δρόμος (dromos) [DRO-mos] – course/race – See G1408

R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

• Case: Varies by usage
• Number: Singular
• Gender: Masculine
• Declension: Second

Greek nouns change form based on their function:

• Nominative: τροχός (subject)
• Genitive: τροχοῦ (possession)
• Dative: τροχῷ (indirect object)
• Accusative: τροχόν (direct object)

S – Studying Lexicon Insights

The major lexicons provide rich insight into τροχός’s significance. BDAG emphasizes both its literal and metaphorical meanings in ancient usage. Thayer’s lexicon traces its development from physical wheel to life course metaphor. LSJ documents its extensive use in classical Greek for various wheel-related concepts. Vine’s expands on its theological significance in James’s warning. Strong’s confirms its basic meaning while LEH adds valuable context from Septuagint usage. Moulton and Milligan’s papyrological evidence shows its common use in mechanical and metaphorical contexts.

T – Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:

“The tongue also is a fire, a world of evil among the parts of the body. It corrupts the whole body, sets the whole course [τροχόν] of one’s life on fire, and is itself set on fire by hell.” James 3:6

Additional References:
This is the only occurrence of τροχός in the New Testament.

A – Analyzing Classical Usage

N – Noteworthy Summary

The word τροχός powerfully illustrates how our words and actions can affect the entire course of life. James uses this image to warn about the tongue’s potential for widespread destruction, but this also implies its potential for good. Through τροχός, we see that the good news of King Jesus should influence every aspect of life’s cycle, transforming our speech and conduct to bring blessing rather than harm to others.

D – Did You Know?

1. τροχός influenced early Christian symbols of life’s cycles
2. The word was used in ancient torture devices
3. It appears in Greek philosophical discussions about fate

Strong’s G5164: A masculine noun meaning “wheel” or “course,” trochos appears in James’s warning about the tongue’s influence. Used metaphorically for the course of life, it emphasizes how words can affect the entire cycle of human existence.

Part of speech: Noun

Tags: wheel, course, cycle, speech, influence, James, biblical Greek, New Testament Greek, Koine Greek, metaphor, life cycle, responsibility​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​