Strong’s G4973: A seal or signet ring used for authentication and ownership, σφραγίς represents divine confirmation of covenant promises. In Paul’s writings, it symbolizes both circumcision as Abraham’s seal and the Spirit as God’s seal on believers.

U- Unveiling the Word

σφραγίς carries profound significance as a symbol of authority, authenticity, and ownership. Originally referring to a physical seal or signet ring used to authenticate documents and mark ownership, it developed rich theological meaning. Paul uses it to describe circumcision as the seal of Abraham’s righteousness by faith and the Holy Spirit as God’s seal on believers. The early church saw in this word both the certainty of God’s promises and the mark of divine ownership. Today, it continues to assure believers of their secure position in the Messiah and their inheritance in Him.

N – Necessary Information

• Greek Word: σφραγίς, sphragis, /sfrä-gēs’/
• Pronunciation Guide: “sfrah-GEES” (stress on second syllable)
• Part of Speech: Noun

Etymology:

• Primary noun related to ancient sealing practices
• Possibly related to Sanskrit sphurj- (to roar, thunder)
• Connected to ideas of authority and authentication

D – Defining Meanings

• Seal (physical object)
• Mark of authentication
• Sign of ownership

Translation Options:

• “Seal” – Best captures both physical and metaphorical meanings
• “Authentication mark” – Emphasizes validating function
• “Signet” – Highlights the authority aspect

E – Exploring Similar Words

• σφραγίζω (sphragizó) /sfrä-gē’-zō/ – to seal – See G4972
• σημεῖον (sémeion) /sā-mā’-on/ – sign – See G4592
• χάραγμα (charagma) /khä’-räg-mä/ – mark – See G5480

R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

As a noun, σφραγίς follows:

• Case: Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative
• Number: Singular, Plural
• Gender: Feminine
• Declension: Third

Examples:

• Nominative: σφραγίς (a seal)
• Genitive: σφραγῖδος (of a seal)
• Dative: σφραγῖδι (to/for a seal)
• Accusative: σφραγῖδα (seal as object)

S – Studying Lexicon Insights

BDAG emphasizes both literal and metaphorical uses. Thayer’s highlights its connection to divine authentication. LSJ documents its use in legal and commercial contexts. Vine’s connects it to ownership and security. Strong’s emphasizes authenticity aspects. Moulton and Milligan note its widespread use in ancient documents.

T – Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:
Romans 4:11: “And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal [σφραγίς] of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised.”

Additional References:

• 1 Corinthians 9:2
• 2 Timothy 2:19
• Revelation 5:1
• Revelation 7:2
• Revelation 9:4

A – Analyzing Classical Usage

N – Noteworthy Summary

σφραγίς proclaims God’s absolute commitment to His promises. This word declares the good news that believers are authenticated, secured, and marked as His own possession. It assures us that our salvation is guaranteed by His Spirit’s seal, marking us as His until the day of redemption.

D – Did You Know?

• Ancient seals often included symbols of authority and ownership
• Roman officials wore signet rings as symbols of their authority
• The word appears prominently in Revelation’s seal judgments

Strong’s G4973: A seal or signet ring used for authentication and ownership, σφραγίς represents divine confirmation of covenant promises. In Paul’s writings, it symbolizes both circumcision as Abraham’s seal and the Spirit as God’s seal on believers.

Part of speech: Noun

Tags: seal, authentication, ownership, covenant, Holy Spirit, circumcision, divine authority, security, inheritance, promise​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​