The Greek word ἀνθυπατεύω (anthypateuō) is a verb meaning “to act as a proconsul” or “to exercise the office of a proconsul.” It denotes the role of a proconsul or someone who performs duties similar to that of a proconsul, a high-ranking official in the Roman Empire. This term is related to governance and administrative authority.

Detailed Overview

1. Strong’s Concordance: According to Strong’s, ἀνθυπατεύω (G445) specifically refers to the function of acting in the capacity of a proconsul. This term is used to describe the administrative role and duties similar to those of a proconsul in the Roman administrative system.
2. Bauer-Danker-Arndt-Gingrich (BDAG) Greek-English Lexicon: BDAG further elaborates that ἀνθυπατεύω means “to act as proconsul,” and is used in the context of someone who is fulfilling the role or responsibilities of a proconsul. BDAG notes that this term reflects a higher level of administrative function and authority in Roman governance.
3. Liddell-Scott-Jones (LSJ) Greek-English Lexicon: LSJ provides a definition aligning with the other sources, explaining that ἀνθυπατεύω refers to acting in the role of a proconsul or holding the office of a proconsul. LSJ emphasizes the administrative nature of this role and its significance within the Roman political structure.

In summary, ἀνθυπατεύω refers to the act of serving or functioning as a proconsul, an important official role in the Roman Empire. This meaning is consistently reflected across Strong’s Concordance, BDAG, and LSJ, all highlighting its connection to high-level administrative duties.