G3867:

Brief Overview of παραινέω (Strong’s G3867: parainéō)

Unveiling the Word

The Greek verb παραινέω (parainéō) translates to “to exhort,” “to advise,” or “to encourage.” It signifies a strong recommendation or counsel, often carrying an implication of urgency and earnestness in the advice given. In Acts 27:9, the term is used in the context of Paul’s counsel to the ship’s crew regarding their journey, emphasizing the importance of heeding wise advice during challenging circumstances. The word is constructed from the prefix παρά (pará), meaning “beside” or “alongside,” and the verb αἴνω (ainō), which means “to speak” or “to express.” This composition suggests a close, supportive communication where one is encouraging another to consider their actions or decisions thoughtfully.

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Necessary Information

Greek Word: παραινέω (parainéō) [pah-rah-ee-NEH-oh]

Etymology: The term combines the prefix παρά (pará), indicating closeness or proximity, with αἴνω (ainō), which refers to speaking or advising. This combination emphasizes offering guidance alongside someone, enhancing the sense of relational support.

Part of Speech: Verb. παραινέω is a regular verb that follows standard conjugation patterns in Greek.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

To exhort: The primary meaning of παραινέω is to urge someone earnestly or to strongly recommend a particular course of action.

To advise: It can also refer to the act of providing counsel or guidance, particularly in situations requiring careful consideration.

To encourage: Additionally, the term implies offering support and motivation, often to bolster someone’s resolve or confidence in making decisions.

Exploring Similar Words

ἐπαίνεσις (epainésis) [ep-eh-NEH-sis]: This term means “praise” or “commendation.” While related to approval, it focuses more on affirming someone’s actions rather than urging or advising them.

συμβουλεύω (symbouléō) [seem-boo-LEH-oh]: This verb translates to “to counsel” or “to deliberate together.” It emphasizes a collaborative approach to advising, which differs from the more individual urging implied by παραινέω.

παρακαλέω (parakaleō) [pah-rah-kah-LEH-oh]: Meaning “to call alongside” or “to comfort,” this term shares similarities with παραινέω but carries a connotation of consolation rather than direct urging.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

For Verbs:

Tense, Voice, Mood: παραινέω is typically found in the present tense, indicative mood, and active voice.

Person and Number: Examples of conjugation include:

• 1st person singular: παραινῶ (I exhort)

• 2nd person singular: παραινεῖς (You exhort)

• 3rd person singular: παραινεῖ (He/She/It exhorts)

Aspect: The verb reflects an imperfective aspect, emphasizing the ongoing nature of the action of exhortation rather than a completed act.

Studying Lexicon Insights

Various Greek lexicons offer valuable insights into the term παραινέω. BDAG highlights its use in contexts where personal advice is given, especially in matters of moral and ethical significance. Thayer’s discusses how the term reflects the relational dynamics involved in offering guidance, suggesting a close connection between the advisor and the advised. LSJ notes its appearance in classical literature, where exhortation played a crucial role in social interactions and governance. Vine’s connects it to themes of moral encouragement within the Christian community, emphasizing the necessity of wise counsel in faith. Strong’s reinforces the idea that the act of exhortation carries spiritual weight and responsibility. LEH and Moulton and Milligan provide additional context on its usage, illustrating the importance of exhortation in ancient and early Christian societies.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Acts 27:9: “Since much time had passed, and the voyage was now dangerous because even the Fast was already over, Paul advised (παραινέω) them, saying, ‘Sirs, I perceive that the voyage will be with injury and much loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives.’”

1 Thessalonians 5:14: “And we urge (παραινέω) you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with them all.”

Hebrews 10:24: “And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging (παραινέω) one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

In classical literature, παραινέω often signifies the importance of urging others towards thoughtful actions or decisions.

Plato, Republic: “The philosopher must exhort (παραινέω) the citizens to pursue justice and virtue above all.”

Aristotle, Rhetoric: “In persuasion, one must carefully consider how to encourage (παραινέω) the audience toward the desired action.”

Xenophon, Memorabilia: “Socrates would often exhort (παραινέω) his students to reflect deeply on their actions and the nature of virtue.”

In the Septuagint, similar themes can be observed.

Septuagint Example 1: Proverbs 1:20: “Wisdom cries aloud in the street, in the markets she raises her voice.” (παραινέω)

Septuagint Example 2: Ecclesiastes 4:13: “Better was a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who no longer knew how to take advice (παραινέω).”

Septuagint Example 3: Isaiah 41:6: “Everyone helps his neighbor and says to his brother, ‘Take courage!’ (παραινέω)”

Noteworthy Summary

The verb παραινέω is essential for understanding the dynamics of exhortation and advice in both biblical and classical contexts. Its usage emphasizes the importance of thoughtful counsel and the responsibility that comes with offering guidance. This term enriches the theological discussions surrounding community, leadership, and interpersonal relationships, highlighting the vital role of encouragement in personal and communal faith journeys.

Did You Know?

Exhortation is not just about giving advice; it is a relational act that encourages growth, responsibility, and moral integrity among individuals and communities.

In the early Church, exhortation (παραινέω) played a crucial role in fostering unity and encouraging believers to persevere in their faith.

The act of urging others toward good works reflects the foundational principles of Christian ethics, emphasizing collective responsibility and support.

Strong’s G3867: παραινέω (parainéō) means “to exhort,” “to advise,” or “to encourage,” underscoring the importance of thoughtful counsel in personal and community contexts.

Part of Speech: Verb

Tags: Greek, New Testament, biblical studies, theology, language, vocabulary, word study, exhortation, advice, encouragement