G3853:

Unveiling the Word

The Greek verb παραγγέλλω (parangellō) primarily means “to command” or “to order.” It emphasizes the act of giving an authoritative directive, often carrying the connotation of urgency or importance. This word is significant in the New Testament, where it is frequently used to describe commands given by Jesus or His apostles to the disciples and followers. The term is derived from the prefix παρά (pará), meaning “beside” or “alongside,” and the root γέλλω (gellō), which relates to the act of speaking or declaring. Thus, it implies a directive that is spoken alongside a person, highlighting both the relational and authoritative aspects of communication.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: παραγγέλλω (parangellō) [pah-rahn-GHEL-loh]

Etymology: The word combines the prefix παρά (pará), meaning “beside” or “alongside,” with γέλλω (gellō), which means “to declare” or “to speak.” This etymology emphasizes the act of conveying a message or command directly to someone.

Part of Speech: Verb. παραγγέλλω is a regular verb, used primarily in the present tense, and can appear in various moods and voices depending on its usage.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

To command: The primary meaning of παραγγέλλω is to issue a command or order, particularly from a position of authority.

To instruct: This term can also refer to providing detailed instructions, especially when these instructions are critical for following a particular course of action.

To proclaim: In some contexts, it may carry the nuance of publicly proclaiming a directive or command, particularly in a religious setting.

Exploring Similar Words

παραγγελία (parangelía) [pah-rahn-gheh-LEE-ah]: This noun form relates closely to παραγγέλλω, referring specifically to the command itself rather than the act of issuing it.

ἐντολή (entolē) [en-toh-LEE]: This word means “command” or “order” but can imply a broader sense of directives that may not necessarily come from an authoritative figure, differing from the more direct implications of παραγγέλλω.

διατάσσω (diatássō) [dee-ah-TAS-soh]: This verb means “to arrange” or “to order” and often refers to organizing tasks or people rather than issuing a command in the direct manner that παραγγέλλω suggests.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

For Verbs:

Tense, Voice, Mood: παραγγέλλω is primarily found in the present tense, indicative mood, and active voice, signifying ongoing action or command.

Person and Number: Examples of conjugation include:

• 1st person singular: παραγγέλλω (I command)

• 2nd person singular: παραγγέλλεις (You command)

• 3rd person singular: παραγγέλλει (He/She/It commands)

Aspect: The verb emphasizes an ongoing action, indicating the immediacy and authority of the command being issued.

Studying Lexicon Insights

In examining παραγγέλλω across various lexicons, we see a consistent emphasis on its authoritative connotations. BDAG underscores the word’s use in the context of authoritative commands within the early Christian community, reflecting the structure and dynamics of leadership. Thayer’s provides a broader understanding, noting its application in both secular and sacred contexts, emphasizing its significance in the teachings of Jesus. LSJ relates it to social dynamics, particularly in the realm of military or governmental authority. Vine’s connects it to themes of obedience and guidance, particularly in the context of Jesus’ teachings to His disciples. Strong’s reiterates its directive nature, while LEH and Moulton and Milligan highlight its usage in various contexts, from classical literature to Hellenistic culture.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Matthew 10:5: “These twelve Jesus sent out, instructing (παραγγέλλω) them, saying, ‘Go nowhere among the Gentiles.’”

Mark 16:15: “And he said to them, ‘Go into all the world and proclaim (παραγγέλλω) the gospel to the whole creation.’”

Luke 9:2: “And he sent them out to proclaim (παραγγέλλω) the kingdom of God and to heal the sick.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

In classical literature, παραγγέλλω is frequently found in contexts involving commands and directives.

Xenophon, Anabasis: “He commanded (παραγγέλλω) the troops to advance in formation.”

Plato, Apology: “Socrates was instructed (παραγγέλλω) to question the wisdom of the so-called wise men.”

Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics: “The philosopher commands (παραγγέλλω) the pursuit of virtue as the highest aim.”

In the Septuagint, it appears similarly.

Septuagint Example 1: Exodus 3:10: “Go, I am sending you to Pharaoh to command (παραγγέλλω) my people.”

Septuagint Example 2: Joshua 1:9: “Have I not commanded (παραγγέλλω) you? Be strong and courageous.”

Septuagint Example 3: Isaiah 48:16: “And now the Lord God has sent me with his Spirit and has commanded (παραγγέλλω) me.”

Noteworthy Summary

The term παραγγέλλω plays a crucial role in conveying authority and directives within both the New Testament and classical Greek literature. Its emphasis on commands highlights the significance of leadership and obedience, particularly in the context of Jesus’ teachings.

Did You Know?

The verb παραγγέλλω is frequently used in contexts where Jesus sends out His disciples, underscoring the authoritative nature of His instructions.

In the New Testament, the usage of παραγγέλλω often signifies not just an order but also an expectation of obedience from those receiving the command.

The presence of παραγγέλλω in both classical and biblical literature illustrates the enduring importance of authoritative communication in human society.

Strong’s G3853: παραγγέλλω (parangellō) means “to command” or “to order,” emphasizing the significance of authority in communication, especially relevant in religious and social contexts.

Part of Speech: Verb

Tags: Greek, New Testament, biblical studies, theology, language, vocabulary, word study, commands, authority, discipleship