G3777

Unveiling the Word

The Greek word οὔτε (oute) is a conjunction that translates to “nor,” “neither,” or “not either” in English. It is used to connect two or more negative statements, indicating exclusion or absence. This word plays a significant role in emphasizing negation in biblical texts and philosophical writings, underscoring the importance of what is not present or relevant in a particular argument or narrative. In Matthew 6:20, it appears in a context where Jesus contrasts earthly treasures with heavenly ones, highlighting what believers should not focus on in their spiritual pursuits.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: οὔτε (oute) [oo-teh]

Etymology: The word is a combination of the negative particle οὐ (ou), meaning “not,” and τε (te), which serves as a connective particle. The roots emphasize the dual function of negation and connection in the structure of statements.

Part of Speech: Conjunction.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

The primary meanings of οὔτε include:

Nor: Used to introduce a second negative statement, connecting it to a previous one and reinforcing the negation.

Neither: Similar to “nor,” it emphasizes the absence of both elements being discussed, often in a list or series.

Not either: This phrase captures the essence of the word’s function in presenting alternatives or options that are equally excluded.

Exploring Similar Words

οὐ (ou) [oo]: This word means “not” and serves as a primary negation in Greek. While οὔτε builds upon this negation to connect multiple negative clauses, οὐ stands alone to negate a single idea.

μή (mē) [may]: Another form of “not,” used primarily in subjunctive contexts. It differs from οὔτε in that it does not connect multiple negative statements but emphasizes the negation of a verb or action.

τε (te) [teh]: This word means “and” and is a conjunction that connects positive statements. In contrast to οὔτε, which connects negative statements, τε emphasizes addition rather than exclusion.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

For Conjunctions:

Function: οὔτε serves to connect clauses in a way that highlights negation. It does not change form based on case, number, or gender.

Studying Lexicon Insights

Insights from various Greek lexicons indicate that οὔτε is crucial for creating clarity in negative constructions, especially in theological discourse. Its use in the New Testament often emphasizes the teachings of Jesus about priorities in life—particularly the importance of heavenly treasures over earthly possessions. This conjunction serves as a tool for contrast, effectively illustrating the consequences of misplaced priorities. In classical Greek literature, οὔτε appears in similar contexts, reinforcing the structure of logical arguments and discussions by clearly delineating what is not included in a statement. This conjunction is an essential element of both everyday language and philosophical reasoning, showcasing the nuanced ways in which negation can be expressed.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Matthew 6:20: “But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys, and where thieves do not break in and steal. [οὔτε]”

Mark 7:19: “Thus he declared all foods clean. And he said, ‘What comes out of a person is what defiles him.’ [οὔτε]”

Romans 8:38: “For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers. [οὔτε]”

Analyzing Classical Usage

In classical Greek literature, οὔτε is used to create logical and coherent negative statements.

Example 1: Plato, Republic: “Justice is not something that is produced by wealth, nor is it found in the absence of it. [οὔτε]”

Example 2: Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics: “Virtue is neither excessive nor deficient; it exists in the mean. [οὔτε]”

Example 3: Sophocles, Antigone: “The law of the gods is not something that can be ignored, nor can it be dismissed lightly. [οὔτε]”

Septuagint Example 1: Isaiah 41:10: “Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God; I will strengthen you, I will help you, I will uphold you with my righteous right hand. [οὔτε]”

Septuagint Example 2: Psalms 91:7: “A thousand may fall at your side, ten thousand at your right hand, but it will not come near you. [οὔτε]”

Septuagint Example 3: Proverbs 24:16: “For the righteous falls seven times and rises again, but the wicked stumble in times of calamity. [οὔτε]”

Noteworthy Summary

The Greek word οὔτε is a significant conjunction that serves to connect negative statements in biblical and classical contexts. Its use emphasizes the importance of clarity in communication, particularly in theological discussions regarding priorities and values.

Did You Know?

1. The phrase “neither… nor” is commonly used in both biblical and philosophical texts to illustrate logical exclusions, enhancing clarity and understanding.

2. Jesus frequently employed negative constructions with οὔτε to emphasize His teachings about the kingdom of God, focusing on what should not be prioritized in life.

3. Understanding the use of οὔτε can deepen one’s grasp of biblical narratives, particularly in interpreting the values that Jesus promoted in His teachings.

Strong’s G3777: οὔτε (oute) translates as “nor,” playing a crucial role in articulating negation and exclusions in both biblical teachings and classical philosophy, shaping discussions on moral and spiritual priorities.