G3363

Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek phrases like ἵνα μή (hina mē) is crucial in Biblical studies as it helps clarify the meaning of important theological concepts in the New Testament. ἵνα μή is often used to introduce purpose or result clauses with a negative connotation, and it is typically translated as “lest” or “in order that not.” This combination of hina (that, in order that) and mē (not) provides a deeper insight into the intentions and warnings expressed by the authors of the New Testament. It plays a significant role in moral exhortations, commands, and teachings about avoiding certain actions or outcomes.

Necessary Information

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Greek Word: ἵνα μή (hina mē, pronounced hee-nah may)

Etymology:

• ἵνα (hina, G2443) is a conjunction that primarily denotes purpose, goal, or intended result.
• μή (mē, G3361) is a negative particle that negates verbs in moods other than the indicative, often in the subjunctive, imperative, or infinitive.

Together, these two words form a purpose clause with a negative outcome, indicating an action intended to prevent something from happening.

Part of Speech:
ἵνα μή is a combination of a conjunction (hina) and a negative particle (mē), typically used to introduce purpose clauses with negation in Greek grammar. These clauses are often found in the subjunctive mood, emphasizing intention or potentiality.

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Defining Meanings

Meaning 1:
In order that not – ἵνα μή expresses the purpose of an action designed to prevent a specific negative outcome. For instance, a warning or exhortation might be phrased using ἵνα μή to indicate that something must be done to avoid a negative result.

Meaning 2:
Lest – Another translation of ἵνα μή is “lest,” which indicates caution or concern about preventing something undesirable from happening.

Meaning 3:
With the goal of preventing – This phrase can also be understood as setting a specific goal to avoid a negative consequence. It emphasizes the preventative nature of the action or command being given.

Exploring Similar Words

μήποτε (mēpote, pronounced may-po-tay): This word means “lest perhaps” and functions similarly to ἵνα μή, but with an added sense of uncertainty or possibility about the outcome.

εἰ μή (ei mē, pronounced ay may): While also introducing a negative condition, this phrase is often translated as “except” or “unless,” contrasting with ἵνα μή, which focuses more on purpose or prevention.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

As a conjunction and particle combination, ἵνα μή does not have traditional morphological features like declensions or conjugations. However, it typically introduces a clause where the verb appears in the subjunctive mood, which is used to express hypothetical, potential, or purpose-driven actions.

For example, in John 12:40, the phrase appears: “He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, ἵνα μὴ (hina mē) they should not see with their eyes or understand with their hearts.”

Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek.

Studying Lexicon Insights

Greek lexicons consistently emphasize ἵνα μή as a phrase introducing purpose clauses with negation. Its use in New Testament Greek is particularly important in the context of commands, moral instructions, and theological teachings. The phrase carries a strong connotation of intent—specifically, the intention to avoid a certain outcome. In both classical and Koine Greek, it signals the desired prevention of an action or result. In theological contexts, it often expresses divine or human will to avoid sin, judgment, or undesirable consequences.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

John 12:40: “He has blinded their eyes and hardened their heart, ἵνα μὴ [hina mē] they should not see with their eyes, nor understand with their heart and turn, and I would heal them.”

Matthew 13:15: “For this people’s heart has grown dull, and with their ears they can barely hear, and their eyes they have closed, ἵνα μὴ [hina mē] they should see with their eyes and hear with their ears.”

1 Corinthians 1:15: “Lest [ἵνα μὴ] anyone should say that you were baptized in my name.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Noteworthy Summary

The phrase ἵνα μή (hina mē) plays a crucial role in the New Testament as it introduces purpose or result clauses aimed at preventing negative outcomes. Whether used to express divine commands, moral exhortations, or theological warnings, ἵνα μή conveys a sense of intentionality behind actions designed to avoid undesirable consequences. By understanding its function in Greek grammar and its usage across biblical and classical texts, one gains deeper insight into the intentions behind the teachings and instructions within the New Testament.

Did You Know?

• ἵνα μή appears frequently in Jesus’ teachings as a way to express moral and spiritual cautions.
• The phrase is often used in warnings to prevent sinful behavior or undesirable consequences.
• It highlights the purpose behind divine and moral commands, stressing the importance of preventing negative actions.