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Unveiling the Word

In biblical studies, understanding Greek words provides deeper insight into the New Testament and helps illuminate the cultural and historical context of its characters. The Greek word Μαθθάτ (Matthat) appears in the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke. It is particularly significant because it highlights the lineage through which the Messiah came, connecting Jesus to historical figures and demonstrating the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies. This name gives us a glimpse into the Jewish heritage and the familial importance in ancient Jewish and early Christian societies.

Necessary Information

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Greek Word: Μαθθάτ (Matthat) [mahth-THAT]
The name Μαθθάτ is pronounced [mahth-THAT]. It is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, reflecting the cultural exchange between Hebrew and Greek-speaking Jewish communities during the time of the New Testament.

Etymology: Μαθθάτ is derived from the Hebrew name מַתִּתְיָהוּ (Mattityahu), which means “gift of Yahweh.” This name combines the root מַתָּן (mattan), meaning “gift,” with יָהוּ (Yahu), a short form of Yahweh, the name of God. The name reflects a common practice of expressing gratitude and devotion to God through the naming of children, indicating that the child is seen as a divine blessing.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun. Μαθθάτ is a masculine proper noun used exclusively as a personal name. It follows the declension pattern for Greek proper nouns, which is essential for understanding its grammatical function in sentences.

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Defining Meanings

1. Matthat, an Ancestor of Jesus: Μαθθάτ is used specifically in the genealogy of Jesus in Luke 3:24 as the grandfather of Heli and great-grandfather of Joseph, the earthly father of Jesus. This lineage highlights the fulfillment of God’s promises through successive generations.
2. Gift of God: The name Μαθθάτ, like its Hebrew origin, signifies being a “gift of Yahweh.” This meaning reinforces the theological theme that individuals in the lineage of Jesus were divinely placed to fulfill God’s redemptive plan.

Exploring Similar Words

1. Μαθθαῖος (Matthaios) [mah-thah-EE-os]: This name, translated as “gift of Yahweh,” is associated with the apostle Matthew. It carries a similar meaning to Μαθθάτ but is more commonly recognized in the New Testament due to Matthew’s role as an evangelist.
2. Μαθθίας (Matthias) [mah-thee-AS]: Also meaning “gift of Yahweh,” this name is used for the apostle who replaced Judas Iscariot. While sharing a similar root, it is distinct in its usage and context within the New Testament narrative.
3. Ναθαναήλ (Nathanael) [nah-thah-nah-EL]: Although from a different root, this name means “gift of God” and reflects a similar theological theme of divine blessing and purpose.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Case, Number, Gender: Μαθθάτ is a singular, masculine proper noun. It follows the second declension pattern for masculine nouns, with variations depending on its role in a sentence.

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Studying Lexicon Insights

Lexical sources such as BDAG, Thayer’s, and Strong’s concordance provide insights into Μαθθάτ as a notable but lesser-known figure in the genealogy of Jesus. Although Μαθθάτ only appears once in the New Testament, his role in the genealogy is critical for demonstrating Jesus’ messianic lineage. This word is a testament to how every person, even those mentioned briefly, plays a significant part in God’s plan. This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

1. Luke 3:24: “the son of Matthat [Μαθθάτ], the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

The name Μαθθάτ does not appear in classical Greek literature as it is a transliteration of a Hebrew name used primarily in a Jewish context. Its presence in the New Testament highlights the blending of Hebrew and Greek traditions in early Christian writings.

Noteworthy Summary

Μαθθάτ, meaning “gift of Yahweh,” plays an essential role in the genealogy of Jesus as recorded in the Gospel of Luke. Though he appears only briefly, his presence underscores the theological theme of God’s providence and the fulfillment of prophecy through each generation. Understanding Μαθθάτ provides a deeper appreciation for the genealogical records in the Bible, which reveal not only historical lineage but also divine purpose.

Did You Know?

1. Μαθθάτ is one of several names in the genealogy of Jesus that reflect the theme of divine gifting, emphasizing the providence of God through generations.
2. The genealogy in Luke 3 differs from that in Matthew 1, with Μαθθάτ appearing only in Luke, underscoring the unique theological emphasis of each gospel writer.
3. The name Μαθθάτ, like many in the genealogies, links Jesus not only to Davidic descent but also to ordinary, faithful individuals in Israel’s history.