G2881
Unveiling the Word
Welcome! As a scholar of Biblical keywords, you may like this discount on your next lexicon from Logos.
Understanding Greek words such as Κορίνθιος (Korínthios) is crucial for Biblical studies, particularly for those interested in the socio-cultural and historical contexts of the New Testament. This word refers specifically to something or someone from Corinth, an ancient and significant city in Greece known for its strategic location and vibrant trade. The term appears in Acts 18:8, highlighting its relevance to the early Christian church and the Apostle Paul’s missionary journeys. Studying words like Korínthios helps us appreciate the cultural diversity of early Christianity and how the Gospel spread throughout different regions of the Roman Empire.
Necessary Information
Greek Word: Κορίνθιος (Korínthios) [ko-REEN-thee-os].
Etymology: The word Korínthios comes from the name Κόρινθος (Korinthos), which is the name of the city Corinth. The suffix “-ιος” is a common Greek ending used to form adjectives that mean “belonging to” or “pertaining to.” Hence, Korínthios means “of Corinth” or “Corinthian.”
Part of Speech: Adjective. As an adjective, Korínthios describes something or someone associated with Corinth. This word can modify nouns like “people” (e.g., Corinthians) or “objects” related to Corinth (e.g., Corinthian letters).
The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.
Defining Meanings
- Pertaining to Corinth: The primary meaning of Korínthios is “pertaining to Corinth,” indicating origin or association with the city of Corinth. This includes individuals from Corinth or objects associated with the city.
- Corinthian People: When referring to people, Korínthios denotes someone who is a native or resident of Corinth. It can be used both as an adjective (e.g., Corinthian believers) or substantively (e.g., “the Corinthians”).
Exploring Similar Words
- Ἀθηναῖος (Athenaios) [a-the-NAH-ee-os]: This word means “Athenian,” referring to someone from Athens. Like Korínthios, it carries a similar sense of belonging or being native to a specific city, but it pertains to Athens instead.
- Σπαρτιάτης (Spartiates) [spar-tee-AH-tes]: This word means “Spartan” and refers to someone from Sparta. It shares the sense of belonging to a city-state but carries different cultural and historical connotations associated with Sparta.
- Ῥωμαῖος (Rhōmaios) [rho-MAI-os]: This term means “Roman,” referring to someone from Rome. Similar to Korínthios, it denotes a person’s origin or association with a specific city, but in this case, it is Rome.
Reviewing the Word’s Morphology
Case, Number, Gender:
Korínthios is an adjective and follows the standard declension patterns for adjectives in Greek. It can appear in all three genders: masculine (Κορίνθιος), feminine (Κορίνθια), and neuter (Κορίνθιον).
Declension:
| Case / Number | Masculine (Singular) | Feminine (Singular) | Neuter (Singular) | Masculine (Plural) | Feminine (Plural) | Neuter (Plural) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | Κορίνθιος | Κορίνθια | Κορίνθιον | Κορίνθιοι | Κορίνθιαι | Κορίνθια |
| Genitive | Κορινθίου | Κορινθίας | Κορινθίου | Κορινθίων | Κορινθιῶν | Κορινθίων |
| Dative | Κορινθίῳ | Κορινθίᾳ | Κορινθίῳ | Κορινθίοις | Κορινθίαις | Κορινθίοις |
| Accusative | Κορίνθιον | Κορίνθιαν | Κορίνθιον | Κορίνθιους | Κορίνθιας | Κορίνθια |
Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek.
Studying Lexicon Insights
Korínthios is consistently used in both biblical and non-biblical texts to describe someone or something associated with Corinth. In the New Testament, it helps identify the cultural and geographical context of the early church’s spread, especially in Acts and the Pauline Epistles. The word can also carry socio-political implications, reflecting the complex dynamics of early Christian communities in a cosmopolitan setting like Corinth, known for its diversity and challenges. This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.
Tracing Related Scriptures
- Acts 18:8: “And Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord together with his entire household. And many of the Corinthians [Κορίνθιοι] hearing Paul believed and were baptized.” This verse uses Korínthios to identify those who were from Corinth and who believed in Paul’s message.
Analyzing Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | Text Excerpt |
|---|---|---|
| Herodotus | Histories | “The Corinthians (Κορίνθιοι) were among those who went to the Delphic Oracle.” |
| Xenophon | Hellenica | “The Corinthians (Κορίνθιοι) sought an alliance with Sparta.” |
| Septuagint | 2 Maccabees 11:26 | “And the Corinthians (Κορίνθιοι) sent aid to their brethren.” |
Noteworthy Summary
The Greek word Korínthios provides insight into the identity and cultural background of early Christian communities, particularly those addressed in the New Testament. It signifies belonging to the city of Corinth and is used both in historical contexts, such as the writings of Herodotus and Xenophon, and in the theological discussions of the New Testament, offering a vivid picture of early church dynamics.
Did You Know?
- The city of Corinth was known for its strategic location on the Isthmus of Corinth, making it a hub for trade and cultural exchange in the ancient world.
- Corinth was notorious in antiquity for its wealth and immorality, giving rise to the term “Corinthianize,” which referred to leading a profligate lifestyle.
- Paul wrote two letters to the Corinthians, addressing various theological and moral issues within the Corinthian church, highlighting both the challenges and opportunities of Christian life in a cosmopolitan city.