G2310
Introduction
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Understanding Greek words such as θεμέλιος (themelios) is crucial in Biblical studies because it provides deeper insight into the original context of the scriptures. θεμέλιος is a noun that appears multiple times in the New Testament, often conveying the idea of a “foundation” or “basis.” This term holds great importance for interpreting the teachings of Jesus and the apostles, especially in the context of the spiritual foundation upon which the Christian faith is built. In ancient Greek culture, the concept of a firm foundation was not only literal but also metaphorical, representing stability, security, and endurance.
Key Information
- The Greek Word: θεμέλιος (themelios), [theh-MEH-lee-os]
- Etymology: Derived from the root word τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning “to place” or “to set.” The word θεμέλιος itself originally referred to something that is laid down or set in place, specifically a foundation.
- Part of Speech: Noun (Masculine)
- Grammatical Details: Second declension noun; used primarily in the singular form.
- The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.
Primary Meanings
- A foundation or base upon which something is built.
- The beginnings or first principles of a system of belief or thought.
- In a metaphorical sense, the fundamental truths or doctrines upon which a faith or philosophy is grounded.
Similar Words: βάσις (basis), [BAH-sis] – While βάσις refers more generally to the “base” or “step” of something (e.g., a staircase or pedestal), θεμέλιος specifically denotes the “foundation” of a structure, particularly one that supports a larger entity.
Further Insights: θεμέλιος is a second declension noun in Greek. It typically appears in the nominative, accusative, or genitive singular forms in the New Testament. Its declension pattern is as follows:
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | θεμέλιος | θεμέλιοι |
| Genitive | θεμελίου | θεμελίων |
| Dative | θεμελίῳ | θεμελίοις |
| Accusative | θεμέλιον | θεμελίους |
Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek: Understanding Greek Grammar: A Beginner’s Guide.
Lexicon Insights
- BDAG: Defines θεμέλιος as a “foundation,” both literally, referring to the base of a building or structure, and metaphorically, indicating the foundational principles or doctrines upon which a belief system or community is built.
- Thayers: Highlights θεμέλιος as “laid down as a foundation,” emphasizing its use in the New Testament to describe the foundation of the Christian faith, such as in Ephesians 2:20, where it refers to the apostles and prophets as the foundation upon which the church is built, with Christ as the chief cornerstone.
- Vines: Notes that θεμέλιος is used metaphorically to signify the foundational truths of the Gospel. It is also employed in a literal sense to describe the foundation stones of a building in passages like Revelation 21:14.
- LSJ: Explores θεμέλιος in classical Greek literature, where it is used both for literal foundations (as in building construction) and metaphorically for the underlying principles or first elements of any art or science.
- Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Indicates that θεμέλιος appears to convey a sense of something that is fundamental or foundational, often used in spiritual contexts to refer to the foundation of faith or doctrine.
Related Scripture References
- 1 Corinthians 3:11 – “For no one can lay a foundation [θεμέλιον] other than the one which is laid, which is Jesus Christ.”
- Ephesians 2:20 – “Having been built on the foundation [θεμελίῳ] of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the cornerstone.”
- Hebrews 6:1 – “Therefore leaving the elementary teaching about the Christ, let us press on to maturity, not laying again a foundation [θεμέλιον] of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God.”
- Revelation 21:14 – “And the wall of the city had twelve foundation stones [θεμέλιους], and on them were the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.”
Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | English Text |
|---|---|---|
| Plato | Timaeus | “The builder lays down the foundation (θεμέλιον) before raising the walls.” |
| Aristotle | Metaphysics | “The foundation (θεμέλιος) of knowledge is the understanding of first principles.” |
| Herodotus | Histories | “They constructed a temple upon the rock, laying a strong foundation (θεμέλιον) of stone.” |
| Septuagint | Isaiah 28:16 | “Therefore thus says the Lord God, ‘Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone, a costly cornerstone for the foundation (θεμέλιον), firmly placed.'” |
| Septuagint | Psalm 102:25 | “Of old You laid the foundation (θεμέλιον) of the earth, and the heavens are the work of Your hands.” |
| Septuagint | Ezra 3:11 | “And all the people shouted with a great shout when they praised the Lord because the foundation (θεμέλιον) of the house of the Lord was laid.” |
Summary of θεμέλιος (G2310)
In summary, θεμέλιος (themelios) is a Greek noun meaning “foundation,” used both literally and metaphorically in the New Testament and classical literature. It plays a significant role in conveying the foundational aspects of the Christian faith, such as the teachings of the apostles, prophets, and Christ as the cornerstone. Understanding θεμέλιος enriches one’s comprehension of the biblical passages that use this term to describe spiritual principles and doctrines, as well as the structural integrity required for both physical and spiritual edifices.
Did You Know?
Did you know? The word θεμέλιος is also used metaphorically in early Christian writings to refer to the “foundational” elements of Christian doctrine and belief. It signifies the importance of having a solid base in faith, much like a well-constructed building needs a strong foundation to withstand the test of time and adversity.