G2213
Introduction
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Understanding Greek words is crucial for biblical studies because it provides insight into the original meanings and contexts of the New Testament texts. The Greek word ζήτημα (zētēma) is particularly significant as it relates to inquiries, questions, or debates. It appears in contexts where understanding and interpretation of theological or practical matters are being sought after. Studying this word enhances our grasp of the New Testament’s discussions and the cultural and intellectual environment of the ancient world.
Key Information
- The Greek Word: ζήτημα (zētēma), pronounced [ZAY-tay-mah].
- Etymology: Derived from the verb ζητέω (zēteō), which means “to seek” or “to inquire.”
- Part of Speech: Noun, neuter; second declension.
- The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.
Primary Meanings
- An inquiry, question, or debate.
- A matter of discussion or dispute.
- A controversial topic or issue to be examined.
Similar Words: Ζήτημα (zētēma) is closely related to ζητήσις (zētēsis), which also refers to a search or investigation. However, while ζήτημα often implies a concrete question or issue being debated, ζητήσις may refer to the broader process or act of seeking or questioning.
Further Insights: As a neuter noun of the second declension, ζήτημα follows standard declension patterns in Greek. Below is a declension table showing its forms:
| Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ζήτημα (zētēma) | ζητήματα (zētēmata) |
| Genitive | ζητήματος (zētēmatos) | ζητημάτων (zētēmatōn) |
| Dative | ζητήματι (zētēmati) | ζητήμασι(ν) (zētēmasi(n)) |
| Accusative | ζήτημα (zētēma) | ζητήματα (zētēmata) |
| Vocative | ζήτημα (zētēma) | ζητήματα (zētēmata) |
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Lexicon Insights
BDAG: Ζήτημα denotes a matter that is disputed or debated. It is often used in contexts where a specific issue or question is under consideration, especially in philosophical or theological discussions.
Thayers: This word is defined as a matter of inquiry or a subject of debate. It can refer to any question or issue that is discussed, particularly in a contentious manner.
Vines: Ζήτημα refers to a question or controversy that is debated. It emphasizes the idea of an inquiry that has the potential to provoke disagreement or requires clarification.
LSJ: In classical contexts, ζήτημα means a question or inquiry, often used in rhetorical or philosophical debates to refer to the specific point under discussion.
Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Ζήτημα is used to indicate a subject of controversy or a debated matter. It suggests an ongoing search or investigation into a particular issue.
Related Scripture References
- Acts 25:19: “But they had some questions [ζητήματα] against him about their own religion and about a certain Jesus, who had died, whom Paul asserted to be alive.”
- Acts 18:15: “But if it is a question [ζητήματα] of words and names and your own law, look after it yourselves; I am unwilling to be a judge of these matters.”
- Acts 15:2: “And when Paul and Barnabas had great dissension and debate with them, the brethren determined that Paul and Barnabas and some others of them should go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and elders concerning this issue [ζητήματος].”
Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | English Text |
|---|---|---|
| Plato | The Republic | “There arose a dispute (ζήτημα) about the nature of justice.” |
| Aristotle | Nicomachean Ethics | “When considering ethics, one must address the central questions (ζητήματα) of what is good.” |
| Herodotus | Histories | “The priests posed a question (ζήτημα) to the king regarding the nature of the gods.” |
| Septuagint | Psalm 119:143 (LXX 118:143) | “Trouble and anguish have found me, but your commandments are my delight.” (Indirect concept of inquiry) |
| Septuagint | Proverbs 25:2 | “It is the glory of God to conceal a matter; to search out a matter (ζητήματος) is the glory of kings.” |
| Septuagint | Isaiah 41:22 | “Let them bring forth and declare to us what is going to take place; As for the former events (ζητήματα), declare what they were.” |
Summary of ζήτημα (G2213: zētēma)
The Greek word ζήτημα (zētēma), meaning “a question” or “an inquiry,” is a critical term for understanding discussions and debates within the New Testament. It is associated with specific matters or issues requiring clarification, often involving theological or philosophical contentions. The word is seen throughout biblical and classical literature, indicating its importance in both spiritual and secular contexts. Whether addressing disputes among early Christians or philosophical inquiries in ancient Greece, ζήτημα captures the essence of critical questioning and dialogue.
Did You Know?
- The term ζήτημα is directly related to ζητέω (zēteō), meaning “to seek.” This connection underscores the active, inquisitive nature inherent in biblical and philosophical studies.
- In the context of early Christian communities, ζήτημα was often associated with doctrinal debates, such as the nature of the resurrection or the interpretation of the Law.
- The use of ζήτημα in both philosophical and religious texts illustrates how both spheres were concerned with similar fundamental questions about life, ethics, and existence.