Introduction

Understanding Greek words in Biblical studies is essential to fully grasp the meanings and implications behind scriptural texts. Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas) is a significant Greek word in the New Testament, referring to an individual who played a supportive role in the early Christian church. This name’s origin and meaning provide deeper insight into the cultural context and character qualities appreciated by the early Christian community. Knowing more about Ζηνᾶς not only aids in interpreting the New Testament but also enhances our understanding of how personal names carried spiritual and cultural significance in ancient Greek society.

Key Information

• The Greek Word: Ζηνᾶς, transliterated as Zēnas, pronounced [ZAY-nas].
• Etymology: Derived from Ζεύς (Zeus), the chief deity in Greek mythology, indicating “of Zeus” or “gift of Zeus.”
• Part of Speech: Proper noun (masculine); it does not follow regular declension patterns as it is a name.
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Primary Meanings

• Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas): A personal name meaning “gift of Zeus” or “belonging to Zeus.”
• Commonly used to refer to a Christian lawyer mentioned in the New Testament who was likely associated with Paul the Apostle.

Similar Words: Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas) is similar in its etymology to words derived from Ζεύς (Zeus), such as Διονύσιος (Dionysios), meaning “of Dionysus.” While Ζηνᾶς reflects a cultural link to the Greek pantheon, it differs from names like Θεόδωρος (Theodoros), which means “gift of God” (θεός – Theos, “God” + δῶρον – doron, “gift”). This difference underscores the transition from pagan traditions to monotheistic Christian beliefs.

Further Insights: Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas) as a proper noun does not have a declension like other common nouns. However, understanding its root form from Ζεύς (Zeus) highlights the influence of Greek mythology and naming conventions. This is an example of how personal names in the Greek New Testament can carry cultural, religious, and social significance.
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Lexicon Insights

BDAG: Ζηνᾶς is listed as a proper noun referring to “Zenas the lawyer.” It highlights his probable association with the Apostle Paul and the early Christian mission.

Thayers: The lexicon defines Ζηνᾶς as “a lawyer,” likely of Jewish origin, converted to Christianity. Thayer’s mentions that Zenas was probably a scribe knowledgeable in Jewish law who later became a Christian advocate.

Vines: Ζηνᾶς is explained as a personal name meaning “gift of Zeus.” The lexicon points to his brief but significant mention in the New Testament, providing context for understanding his potential role and influence.

LSJ: The Liddell-Scott-Jones Lexicon briefly mentions Ζηνᾶς as a proper name, associated with legal professions in antiquity. It does not elaborate on the Biblical context.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Ζηνᾶς is defined as a “Christian lawyer,” emphasizing his connection to Paul and early missionary journeys.

Related Scripture References

• Titus 3:13: “Diligently help Zenas the lawyer and Apollos on their way so that nothing is lacking for them.” (Ζηνᾶν [Zenas]).

Classical Usage

Summary of Ζηνᾶς (G2211: Zēnas)

Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas) is a significant proper noun in the New Testament, referring to a Christian lawyer who is briefly mentioned in Paul’s letter to Titus. His name, derived from Ζεύς (Zeus), signifies “gift of Zeus” and provides insight into the cultural integration within the early Christian movement. While rooted in a name with pagan connotations, Ζηνᾶς symbolizes the diverse backgrounds of early Christian converts. Lexicon insights highlight his possible role as a Jewish scribe converted to Christianity, and his mention in Titus underscores the importance of supportive roles in early Christian missions. Classical usages further establish Ζηνᾶς as a respected name with divine associations, common among Greeks of high regard.

Did You Know?

• The name Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas), while derived from the Greek god Zeus, was common among Greeks who converted to Christianity, showing how early Christians adapted culturally significant names into their faith.
• Zenas is only mentioned once in the New Testament, yet his brief mention highlights the collaborative nature of early Christian evangelism, showing the importance of every member’s contribution.
• Names like Ζηνᾶς (Zēnas) reflect the syncretism that occurred in the first-century world where Greek, Roman, and Jewish cultures intermingled, providing a backdrop for the spread of Christianity.