Introduction

Understanding Greek words like ἐπισκηνόω (episkēnoō) is crucial in Biblical studies because it illuminates deeper layers of meaning within the New Testament and ancient Greek culture. This word, which generally means “to pitch a tent upon” or “to dwell,” carries connotations of divine presence and sheltering. It is particularly significant in New Testament interpretation for its theological implications, especially in contexts involving God’s protective presence among His people.

Key Information

• The Greek Word: ἐπισκηνόω (episkēnoō) [eh-pee-SKEH-noh-oh]
• Etymology root words and their meanings: Derived from ἐπί (epi, “upon”) and σκηνόω (skēnoō, “to pitch a tent” or “to dwell”).
• Part of Speech: Verb (Active Voice); used to describe the act of dwelling or settling upon, often metaphorically to signify divine presence or protection.
• The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Primary Meanings

• To pitch a tent upon or to cover
• To dwell or reside, especially in a protective sense
• To settle upon, often used metaphorically for divine presence

Similar Words: σκηνόω (skēnoō) [skeh-NOH-oh], meaning “to pitch a tent” or “to dwell.” While ἐπισκηνόω specifically includes the prefix ἐπί (“upon”), implying an additional nuance of covering or settling upon, σκηνόω is a simpler form that refers to the act of dwelling or setting up a tent.

Further Insights: ἐπισκηνόω is a compound verb, combining the prefix ἐπί with σκηνόω, creating a more intensive form of the action, suggesting not just dwelling but a protective or purposeful settling. Below is a table showing the conjugation of ἐπισκηνόω in the present tense:

Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek.

Lexicon Insights

• BDAG: Defines ἐπισκηνόω as “to settle upon” or “to dwell upon,” emphasizing its use in contexts where divine presence is manifest. It often carries the idea of God or His Spirit descending to dwell with or overshadow His people.
• Thayers: Describes ἐπισκηνόω as “to pitch a tent upon,” particularly used in metaphorical senses where divine protection or presence is implied. It highlights that this word is primarily used in theological or spiritual contexts.
• Vines: Notes that ἐπισκηνόω implies an act of settling or dwelling, often in a manner that denotes protection or guidance. It is commonly associated with God’s presence or divine guidance in the life of believers.
• LSJ: Lists ἐπισκηνόω as “to pitch a tent over” or “to settle upon,” used both literally for physical tents and metaphorically for divine overshadowing or dwelling.
• Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Defines ἐπισκηνόω as “to tent upon” or “to reside upon,” particularly in reference to divine presence or covering, which can be both protective and guiding in nature.

Related Scripture References

• 2 Corinthians 12:9 – “But he said to me, ‘My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.’ Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest [ἐπισκηνώσῃ] upon me.”
• Revelation 7:15 – “Therefore they are before the throne of God, and serve him day and night in his temple; and he who sits on the throne will shelter [ἐπισκηνώσει] them with his presence.”

Classical Usage

Summary of ἐπισκηνόω (G1981)

The Greek verb ἐπισκηνόω (episkēnoō) holds profound theological significance in both the New Testament and classical Greek literature. Meaning “to pitch a tent upon” or “to dwell,” it conveys the idea of divine presence, shelter, and protection. In the New Testament, it is often used to describe God’s comforting and protective presence over believers, underscoring themes of divine care and grace. This word also resonates with broader Greek cultural themes of hospitality, shelter, and divine intervention, making it a rich term for understanding God’s relationship with His people.

Did You Know?

The word ἐπισκηνόω has a strong connection to the concept of the “Shekinah” in Hebrew tradition, which refers to the manifest presence or dwelling of God among His people. The term “Shekinah” also carries the idea of God “pitching His tent” among the Israelites, much like ἐπισκηνόω depicts God dwelling or overshadowing His people in the New Testament, bringing continuity between the Old and New Testaments.