Transliteration and Meaning:
The Greek word “βολίζω” (bolizō) is transliterated as “bo-LEE-zoh.” This verb comes from the root word “βολός” (bolos), meaning “a throw” or “a cast.” The primary meaning of “βολίζω” is to “sound” or “take soundings,” specifically in the context of measuring the depth of water, a practice often referred to as “sounding” in nautical terms.

Lexical Insights and Biblical Usage:

In various lexicons, including BDAG, Thayer’s, and Strong’s exhaustive concordance, “βολίζω” is consistently defined as “to sound” or “to take soundings.” BDAG, in particular, emphasizes its use in measuring the depth of the sea or other bodies of water, particularly in ancient seafaring practices. Thayer’s lexicon also describes “βολίζω” as a technical term used in navigation, where it involves lowering a weighted line into the water to measure depth.

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The verb “βολίζω” is not found in the New Testament but is rooted in a practice that would have been familiar to those living in coastal areas or engaged in seafaring activities. The related concepts of casting and measuring, as implied by its root word “βολός,” are essential in understanding the broader application of “βολίζω.”

Classical Greek Usage:

In classical Greek literature, “βολίζω” was a technical term used predominantly in the context of navigation. The process of sounding, or measuring the depth of water, was critical for safe passage through unfamiliar or shallow waters, and “βολίζω” was the verb that described this action.

For example, in works like the Histories of Herodotus, “βολίζω” is used to describe the practice of measuring the depth of rivers and seas. This verb was an essential part of the vocabulary of ancient sailors and merchants, who relied on soundings to ensure that their ships could navigate safely without running aground.

In another example, from the writings of Polybius, “βολίζω” is mentioned in the context of naval battles, where knowledge of water depth could be a strategic advantage. Similarly, in the works of Strabo, “βολίζω” appears in geographical descriptions, highlighting the practical use of the term in ancient explorations and cartography.

Summary:

The Greek word “βολίζω” (bolizō) is a verb meaning “to sound” or “to take soundings,” particularly in a nautical context. Derived from the root word “βολός” (bolos), meaning “a throw” or “a cast,” this term is closely associated with the practice of measuring the depth of water. While “βολίζω” does not appear in the New Testament, its importance in ancient navigation and seafaring cannot be overstated.

Lexical sources such as BDAG and Thayer’s provide consistent definitions, emphasizing the term’s application in measuring water depth, a practice essential for safe maritime travel. In classical Greek literature, “βολίζω” is mentioned in contexts ranging from naval battles to geographical explorations, illustrating its widespread use in the ancient world. Understanding “βολίζω” offers insight into the critical role that navigation and seafaring played in ancient Greek culture and the specific language developed to support these activities. The term serves as a reminder of the meticulous care and attention required in ancient navigation, where accurate measurements of depth could mean the difference between safe passage and disaster.