1. Brief Overview:

Transliteration: aphypnoō

Root Words: From ἀ- (a prefix indicating negation) and ὕπνος (hypnos), meaning “sleep.”

Primary Meanings:

• To awaken, to rouse from sleep.
• Used metaphorically to describe an awakening from a state of moral or spiritual lethargy.

2. Detailed Description:

BDAG: Highlights aphypnoō as a term used both literally and figuratively, emphasizing awakening from physical sleep or a metaphorical state of ignorance or inaction.

Thayer’s: Describes aphypnoō as primarily concerned with physical awakening, but also notes its use in New Testament writings to signify spiritual or moral revival.

Vines: Explores aphypnoō with an emphasis on its figurative sense in the New Testament, particularly in terms of spiritual enlightenment or alertness.

LSJ: Provides a classical perspective, noting aphypnoō as commonly used in Greek literature to indicate waking from sleep, with occasional figurative applications.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Defines aphypnoō simply as to wake up or to cause to wake up, applicable in both literal and symbolic contexts.

Bible Verses:

• Ephesians 5:14, “Wherefore he saith, Awake thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give thee light.”

3. Classic Greek Literature:

Usage in Classic Greek Literature:

• Homer’s “Iliad”: Describes moments when characters are suddenly awakened from sleep during night watches or by divine intervention.
• Plato’s Dialogues: Uses aphypnoō to denote moments of intellectual ‘awakening’ or coming to an understanding through dialogue.
• Aristophanes’ Plays: Often portrays characters in comedic scenes where sudden awakenings lead to humorous misunderstandings or revelations.

4. Summary:

The Greek verb ἀφυπνόω (aphypnoō) serves as a critical term for discussing themes of awakening and revitalization across both literal and metaphorical domains. It underscores the transition from sleep to alertness and from ignorance to enlightenment, resonating through both secular and sacred texts. The use of aphypnoō invites deeper reflection on the processes of awakening and the roles they play in human experience, particularly in the contexts of knowledge, morality, and spiritual growth. This overview encapsulates the nuanced ways in which aphypnoō enriches literary and theological narratives, highlighting its importance in understanding transitions in states of consciousness and moral awareness.