Strong’s G5384: A dear friend, companion, or loved one, derived from phileō (to love). Denotes a close personal relationship characterized by affection and goodwill. In biblical usage, highlights both human relationships and the profound connection between God and His people.

U- Unveiling the Word

The word φίλος (philos) embodies the essence of genuine friendship and loving companionship in Greek culture and biblical literature. It represents more than casual acquaintance, signifying a deep, mutual affection and loyalty between individuals. In the New Testament, this word takes on profound theological significance as Jesus elevates the status of His disciples from servants to friends (John 15:15), demonstrating God’s desire for intimate relationship with humanity. The early church understood φίλος as reflecting the transformative nature of divine friendship, where believers are brought into close fellowship with the Messiah through faith. Today, this concept continues to illuminate the personal, relational nature of Christian faith and the privilege of divine friendship.

N – Necessary Information

• Greek Word: φίλος, philos, FEE-los
• Pronunciation: fee’-los (with emphasis on first syllable)
• Part of Speech: Noun

Etymology:

• Root: φιλ- (phil-) meaning “to love, have affection for”
• Suffix: -ος (-os) masculine nominative singular ending
• Related to verb φιλέω (phileō), showing the connection between action and relationship

D – Defining Meanings

• A beloved friend or companion
• One dearly loved or cherished
• A close associate or confidant

For compound words: Not applicable as φίλος is a root word

Translation Options:

• “Friend” – Most common and versatile translation
• “Beloved” – Emphasizes the emotional bond
• “Dear one” – Captures the intimacy of relationship

E – Exploring Similar Words

• ἑταῖρος (hetairos, he-TIE-ros) – More casual companion or associate (See G2083)
• ἀγαπητός (agapētos, a-ga-pay-TOS) – Beloved, emphasizing divine love (See G27)
• πλησίον (plēsion, play-SEE-on) – Neighbor, fellow man (See G4139)

R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Morphological Features (Noun):

• Case: Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative
• Number: Singular (φίλος), Plural (φίλοι)
• Gender: Masculine
• Declension: Second declension

The word follows standard second declension patterns:
Nominative: φίλος (singular), φίλοι (plural)
Accusative: φίλον (singular), φίλους (plural)
Genitive: φίλου (singular), φίλων (plural)
Dative: φίλῳ (singular), φίλοις (plural)

Cross-references:

• Verbal form: φιλέω (to love)
• Adjective form: φίλιος (friendly)

S – Studying Lexicon Insights

The rich tapestry of φίλος is illuminated through various lexical sources. BDAG emphasizes its use in both secular and sacred contexts, highlighting its role in describing both human relationships and divine fellowship. Thayer’s lexicon notes its connection to φιλέω, suggesting an emotional warmth distinct from ἀγαπάω. LSJ provides extensive classical usage examples, showing its deep roots in Greek culture. Vine’s expands on its New Testament significance, particularly in Jesus’ teachings. Strong’s connects it to the broader word family of “friendship” terms. LEH highlights its Septuagint usage, while Moulton and Milligan provide papyri evidence showing its common usage in everyday relationships in the ancient world.

T – Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:
“The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Here is a glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners.’ But wisdom is proved right by her deeds.” Matthew 11:19

Additional References:
Luke 7:34, Luke 11:5, Luke 12:4, Luke 14:10, Luke 15:6, John 11:11, John 15:13, John 15:14, John 15:15, James 2:23

A – Analyzing Classical Usage

N – Noteworthy Summary

The concept of φίλος revolutionizes our understanding of relationship with God. While ancient religions often portrayed deities as distant and unapproachable, Jesus introduces a radical paradigm shift by calling His disciples friends. This friendship isn’t mere sentiment but involves intimate knowledge, trust, and shared purpose. The good news is that through the Messiah, we are invited into this divine friendship. God doesn’t merely tolerate us or rule over us from afar – He desires close, personal relationship. This friendship, purchased at the cost of Jesus’ sacrifice, transforms us from enemies into beloved friends of God.

D – Did You Know?

1. φίλος was used in ancient Greek diplomatic language to designate allied nations as “friends of Rome.”
2. The word appears in the famous Greek proverb “A [friend] in need is a [friend] indeed.”
3. It forms the root of many English words like philosophy (love of wisdom) and philanthropy (love of humanity).

Strong’s G5384: A dear friend, companion, or loved one, derived from phileō (to love). Denotes a close personal relationship characterized by affection and goodwill. In biblical usage, highlights both human relationships and the profound connection between God and His people.

Part of speech: Noun

Tags: friendship, love, relationship, companion, beloved, divine friendship, intimacy with God, discipleship, biblical relationships, Greek nouns, philos, fellowship​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​