G3829
Unveiling the Word
The Greek word πανδοχεῖον (pandocheion) refers to an inn or a place that receives guests, highlighting the significance of hospitality in ancient cultures. It is derived from the roots πᾶν (pan), meaning “all,” and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning “to receive.” This term embodies the idea of a place that welcomes all travelers, regardless of their background, symbolizing the importance of hospitality in society. In the New Testament, this word is notable in the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:34), where the Samaritan takes the wounded traveler to an inn for care, demonstrating compassion and kindness.
Necessary Information
Greek Word: πανδοχεῖον, pronounced [pan-dokh-EI-on].
Etymology: The term combines πᾶν (pan), which denotes “all” or “every,” with δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning “to receive” or “to welcome.” Together, they convey the meaning of a place that receives all guests.
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Part of Speech: πανδοχεῖον is a noun, specifically a neuter noun in Greek, indicating a physical location or establishment.
Defining Meanings
Meaning 1: “Inn” – The primary meaning of πανδοχεῖον is an inn or lodging place where travelers could find shelter and food. This is a crucial aspect of hospitality in ancient societies.
Meaning 2: “Place of reception” – A broader interpretation of the term can denote any establishment that receives and accommodates guests, emphasizing the welcoming nature of such places.
Meaning 3: “Hospitality” – While not a direct definition, the term embodies the concept of hospitality itself, reflecting societal values regarding the treatment of strangers and guests.
Exploring Similar Words
ξενοδοχεῖον (xenodocheion) [kseh-no-dokh-EI-on]: This term also refers to an inn or lodging house but specifically emphasizes the aspect of receiving strangers (ξενος). It is often associated with larger establishments catering to travelers.
ἀποθήκη (apotheke) [ap-o-THEE-keh]: Although this term translates to “storehouse,” it differs from πανδοχεῖον as it does not imply a place of accommodation but rather a place for storage.
καταλύμα (kataluma) [kat-a-LEE-mah]: This word also means a lodging place but has a more general connotation of a resting place, which could be temporary and not necessarily an inn.
Reviewing the Word’s Morphology
Case, Number, Gender: πανδοχεῖον is in the nominative case, singular number, and is neuter in gender.
Declension: As a neuter noun, it follows the rules of the second declension in Greek, characterized by specific endings.
Studying Lexicon Insights
The use of πανδοχεῖον in biblical texts, particularly in the parable of the Good Samaritan, emphasizes the value of compassion and hospitality. This concept resonates deeply within the context of early Christian teachings, where the emphasis was placed on caring for those in need. In Luke 10:34, the Samaritan’s choice to take the injured man to an inn highlights not only his kindness but also the social norms surrounding hospitality in the Greco-Roman world. The word’s roots reinforce the communal values that underline the importance of welcoming others.
This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.
Tracing Related Scriptures
Luke 10:34: “He went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine; then he set him on his own animal and brought him to an [πανδοχεῖον] (inn) and took care of him.”
Matthew 26:6: “Now when Jesus was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper,”
Mark 14:3: “And while he was at Bethany in the house of Simon the leper, as he reclined at table, a woman came with an alabaster flask of ointment of pure nard, very costly.”
Analyzing Classical Usage
Example 1: Herodotus, Histories: “The Persians have many inns (πανδοχεῖα) for travelers along their royal roads, reflecting their commitment to hospitality.”
Example 2: Xenophon, Anabasis: “The soldiers found refuge in an inn (πανδοχεῖον) where they were offered food and shelter after a long march.”
Example 3: Strabo, Geography: “The inn (πανδοχεῖον) at the crossroads provided essential support for those traveling between major cities.”
Septuagint Example 1: Genesis 43:27: “And he asked them about their welfare and said, ‘Is your father well, the old man of whom you spoke? Is he still alive?’”
Septuagint Example 2: Leviticus 25:35: “And if your brother becomes poor and cannot maintain himself with you, you shall support him as though he were a stranger and a sojourner, and he shall live with you.”
Septuagint Example 3: Deuteronomy 23:17: “None of the daughters of Israel shall be a cult prostitute, and none of the sons of Israel shall be a cult prostitute.”
Noteworthy Summary
The term πανδοχεῖον signifies an inn or lodging place, emphasizing the ancient value placed on hospitality and care for travelers. It serves as a reminder of the communal responsibilities shared in society.
Did You Know?
1. The concept of hospitality was sacred in ancient cultures, often associated with divine favor and moral obligation.
2. In the New Testament, the mention of an inn signifies a space for care and healing, aligning with the teachings of compassion in Christian doctrine.
3. The parable of the Good Samaritan serves as a profound example of the expected norms of hospitality during biblical times.
Strong’s G3829: πανδοχεῖον (pandocheion) refers to an inn, emphasizing hospitality in ancient society, where care for travelers reflected broader cultural and moral values.
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