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Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek words is essential for Biblical studies as they often convey nuanced meanings that enhance our interpretation of scripture. The term ὄπισθεν, found in Matthew 9:20, translates as “behind” or “at the back.” This word plays a significant role in both the physical and metaphorical contexts in the New Testament, highlighting aspects of movement, position, and sometimes even spiritual states. Its usage in scripture provides insight into how ancient Greek culture viewed spatial relationships, particularly in relation to people and their interactions with the divine.

Necessary Information

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Greek Word: ὄπισθεν (opistēn)

Pronunciation Guide: OH-pis-thin

Etymology: The term ὄπισθεν derives from the root word ὄπισθεν, which means “from behind” or “at the back.” This root word underscores the idea of spatial orientation, emphasizing the position of objects or individuals in relation to one another.

Part of Speech: Adverb. As an adverb, ὄπισθεν typically describes a location or direction, often referring to something situated at the back or in the rear.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

Meaning 1: Behind. The primary meaning of ὄπισθεν refers to something located at the back or in a position that is not visible from the front.

Meaning 2: At the back. In a more specific sense, it can indicate a physical position that is directly behind another object or person.

Meaning 3: Figuratively refers to past events or memories, suggesting a sense of looking back or reflecting on previous experiences.

Exploring Similar Words

πίσω (piso) : This word also means “behind,” but it can have a more general sense, encompassing broader contexts of being behind something or someone, while ὄπισθεν specifically denotes a position or direction.

ὀπίσω (opiso) : Similar in meaning to ὄπισθεν, this term can refer to being behind or in the rear but often carries an implication of motion or movement toward the back.

ἀναστροφή (anastrophē) : Meaning “turning back” or “conversion,” this term emphasizes a change in direction rather than just the static concept of being behind.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Case, Number, Gender: As an adverb, ὄπισθεν does not inflect for case, number, or gender. It is used as a modifier to describe the position of nouns.

Declension: There is no declension applicable since it is an adverb and does not change form based on grammatical cases.

Studying Lexicon Insights

In the New Testament, ὄπισθεν appears in Matthew 9:20 in the context of the woman with the issue of blood who approaches Jesus from behind. This highlights the action of seeking healing in a position of humility, as she is coming from the back rather than confronting him directly. The adverb captures a sense of movement toward someone while simultaneously suggesting a modest approach to a powerful figure.

Theologically, this word can suggest not only a physical movement but also a spiritual yearning or need that prompts one to seek help from behind, perhaps indicating a desire for healing without imposing or demanding attention.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Matthew 9:20: “And behold, a woman which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind [ὄπισθεν] him, and touched the hem of his garment.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Author Name of Work English Text

Homer Iliad “He turned back [ὄπισθεν] to face his enemies once more.”

Plato Republic “They stood behind [ὄπισθεν] the wall, observing the debate.”

Aristotle Poetics “In the play, the character reveals secrets from behind [ὄπισθεν] the curtain.”

Septuagint Exodus 14:20 “And it came between the camp of the Egyptians and the camp of Israel; it was a cloud and darkness to them, but it gave light by night to these, so that the one did not come near the other all that night.” (This reflects the use of physical positioning.)

Septuagint Psalms 36:6 “Your righteousness is like the mountains of God; your judgments are like the great deep; O Lord, you preserve man and beast.” (This indirectly refers to the notion of being behind God’s protection.)

Septuagint Jeremiah 20:10 “For I heard the defaming of many, terror on every side; report, say they, and we will report it.” (The use of positional language reflects the fear of being attacked from behind.)

Noteworthy Summary

The Greek word ὄπισθεν offers a rich understanding of positional language in the New Testament. Its usage in Matthew 9:20 emphasizes themes of humility and the yearning for healing, while its broader implications resonate with the ideas of past experiences and reflections. The exploration of this word enhances our understanding of the physical and spiritual dimensions of seeking connection and help.

Did You Know?

• ὄπισθεν is used to illustrate not just physical movement but also the emotional and spiritual journey of individuals seeking healing or forgiveness.

• The term has parallels in both ancient Greek literature and the Septuagint, demonstrating its enduring relevance across various texts and contexts.

• Its presence in significant moments of Jesus’ ministry highlights the importance of humility and the need to approach with reverence and faith.