Psalm Chapter 118

When Victory Looks Like Defeat

What’s Psalm 118 about?

This is the psalm about finding yourself surrounded by enemies, certain you’re about to lose everything – and then discovering that God’s rescue comes in the most unexpected way. It’s the song of someone who thought they were writing their obituary but ended up composing a victory anthem.

The Full Context

Picture this: You’re standing in the temple courtyard in Jerusalem, and the entire nation is singing at the top of their lungs. Psalm 118 was likely written for one of Israel’s great festivals – possibly the Feast of Tabernacles or a celebration of military victory. The Hebrew structure suggests it was designed as a responsive worship song, with different voices taking turns: the priest, the people, maybe even the king himself.

But here’s what makes this psalm fascinating – it’s not just ancient history. This became the psalm that Jesus and his disciples sang on the way to the cross (Matthew 26:30). The early church recognized that Psalm 118:22 – the verse about the rejected stone becoming the cornerstone – was a perfect description of what happened to Jesus. So when we read this psalm, we’re hearing both an ancient song of deliverance and a prophetic preview of the ultimate rescue mission.

What the Ancient Words Tell Us

The Hebrew word todah appears right at the beginning – “Give thanks to the Lord.” But this isn’t your polite dinner table gratitude. Todah carries the sense of public declaration, of throwing your story out there for everyone to hear. It’s the difference between whispering “thanks” and shouting “Let me tell you what God just did!”

Grammar Geeks

The phrase “His steadfast love endures forever” uses the Hebrew word chesed, which is way richer than our English “love.” It’s covenant loyalty, the kind of commitment that shows up even when you’ve messed up spectacularly. It appears four times in the opening verses like a drumbeat – boom, boom, boom, boom – reminding us that God’s faithfulness isn’t a mood, it’s his character.

When the psalmist says “All nations surrounded me” (Psalm 118:10), he uses a Hebrew word that literally means “to swarm like bees.” Have you ever disturbed a beehive? That’s the picture – enemies coming from every direction, angry and relentless. But then comes this incredible reversal: “in the name of the Lord I cut them down.” The Hebrew verb suggests not just victory, but the kind of clean, decisive action of a skilled warrior.

What Would the Original Audience Have Heard?

When ancient Israelites heard this psalm, they would have immediately recognized the temple liturgy embedded in it. Psalm 118:19-20 describes someone approaching the “gates of righteousness” – these were the actual gates of the temple in Jerusalem. Picture a procession: the worshiper has survived some terrible crisis and is now coming to fulfill a vow, probably bringing a thanksgiving offering.

The responsive nature of the psalm would have created this incredible communal experience. One voice would cry out “Give thanks to the Lord!” and thousands would respond “for he is good!” The repetition wasn’t boring – it was building momentum, like a crowd at a football game getting louder with each chant.

Did You Know?

Archaeological evidence suggests that temple worship in ancient Israel included professional musicians and trained choirs. When they sang Psalm 118, it wasn’t just a few people humming along – it was a full orchestral and choral production that could be heard throughout Jerusalem.

But here’s what would have really gotten their attention: the sudden shift from desperation to celebration. Psalm 118:5 begins “Out of my distress I called on the Lord” – the Hebrew word for distress (metzar) means “narrow place,” like being squeezed in a vise. But then comes verse 6: “The Lord is on my side; I will not fear.” That’s not gradual improvement – that’s instant transformation.

But Wait… Why Did They Choose This Stone?

The most puzzling verse in the entire psalm has to be Psalm 118:22: “The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.” Why would professional builders reject a stone that was actually perfect for the most important position in the building?

Wait, That’s Strange…

Ancient builders would quarry stones in rough form and then shape them on-site. Sometimes a stone would seem useless for the intended purpose – wrong size, odd shape, apparent flaws. But later in the construction process, they might realize that this “rejected” stone was exactly what they needed for the crucial corner position that would hold the entire structure together.

This image becomes even more powerful when you realize that in Hebrew thought, God is often described as a rock or stone. The psalmist is saying that the very thing that looked like a disaster – the rejection, the abandonment, the apparent failure – was actually God positioning himself to become the foundation of something much greater.

Wrestling with the Text

Here’s where this psalm gets uncomfortably personal. Psalm 118:18 says, “The Lord has disciplined me severely, but he has not given me over to death.” The Hebrew word for “disciplined” (yasar) is the same one used for training a child or breaking in a horse. It’s not punishment for punishment’s sake – it’s correction with purpose.

But why does growth have to hurt so much? The psalmist doesn’t give us a neat theological answer. Instead, he just tells us what happened: “I was pushed hard, so that I was falling, but the Lord helped me” (Psalm 118:13). Sometimes the rescue doesn’t come until you’re already in freefall.

“The Lord has become my salvation” – not “will become” or “might become,” but “has become.” Even in the middle of the crisis, the psalmist is speaking in past tense, as if the victory is already accomplished.

This is where the psalm becomes prophetic in ways the original author couldn’t have imagined. When Jesus sang these words on the way to Gethsemane, he was about to experience the ultimate rejection – abandoned by his friends, condemned by the religious leaders, executed as a criminal. Yet he sang about being the cornerstone that holds everything together.

How This Changes Everything

Psalm 118 doesn’t just describe one person’s rescue – it gives us a pattern for how God works. The path from crisis to celebration doesn’t go around the problem; it goes straight through it. The stone doesn’t become the cornerstone despite being rejected; it becomes the cornerstone because it was rejected.

This completely flips our understanding of failure and success. What looks like the end of the story might actually be the beginning of something unprecedented. When you’re surrounded by problems that swarm like angry bees, when you’re pushed so hard you’re falling, when everyone else has written you off as useless – that might be exactly when God is positioning you to become something essential.

The psalm ends with a festival, not a funeral. Psalm 118:24 declares, “This is the day that the Lord has made; let us rejoice and be glad in it.” Not “this will be the day” or “someday there will be a day” – “this is the day.” Right now, in the middle of whatever you’re facing, this is God’s day.

Key Takeaway

When everything looks like it’s falling apart, you might actually be watching God build something better than you ever imagined – and the pieces that seem most broken might be exactly what he needs for the foundation.

Further Reading

Internal Links:

• Psalm 118:22 verse analysis
• Matthew 26:30 verse analysis
• Psalm 118:24 verse analysis

External Scholarly Resources:

• Tremper Longman III Commentary on Psalms
• The Psalms by John Goldingay
• Derek Kidner Psalms 73-150 Commentary

Tags

Psalm 118:1, Psalm 118:22, Psalm 118:24, Matthew 26:30, thanksgiving, victory, rejection, cornerstone, temple worship, festival psalms, messianic prophecy, God’s faithfulness, deliverance, triumph