Strong’s G5502: A transliteration of the Hebrew כְּרוּב (kerub), referring to angelic beings of the highest order who serve as guardians of God’s holiness. These majestic creatures appear throughout Scripture as celestial attendants of the divine throne, symbolizing God’s transcendent glory and unapproachable presence.

U- Unveiling the Word

The term Χερούβ represents one of the most fascinating and mysterious beings in biblical literature. As celestial creatures of extraordinary rank, they first appear in Genesis guarding Eden’s entrance. Their presence consistently signifies divine authority and holiness, serving as throne bearers and guardians of sacred spaces. In the New Testament, particularly in Hebrews, they overshadow the mercy seat, symbolizing God’s presence and the meeting point between divine and human realms. Early church fathers viewed them as representations of divine wisdom and power, while contemporary theology recognizes them as powerful reminders of God’s transcendent majesty and immanent presence among His people.

N – Necessary Information

• Greek Word: Χερούβ, Cheroub, /kher-oob/
• Detailed pronunciation: kher (as in German “ach”) + oob (as in “tube”)
• Part of Speech: Noun

Etymology:

• Direct transliteration from Hebrew כְּרוּב (kerub)
• Akkadian cognate “karabu” meaning “to bless, praise”
• Possible relation to Assyrian “kirubu” meaning “guardian spirit”

D – Defining Meanings

• Celestial being of highest angelic order
• Guardian of divine holiness
• Throne bearer of God

For compound words: Not applicable as this is a transliterated loan word

Translation Options:

• Cherub – Most direct transliteration and traditionally accepted
• Guardian Angel – Captures functional role but loses specific identity
• Throne Bearer – Emphasizes specific role but loses broader meaning

E – Exploring Similar Words

• ἄγγελος (angelos) /ang-el-os/ – general term for messenger or angel See G32
• ἀρχάγγελος (archaggelos) /ark-ang-el-os/ – chief angel See G743
• δύναμις (dynamis) /doo-nam-is/ – supernatural power See G1411

R – Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Morphological Features:

• Case: Nominative/Accusative
• Number: Plural (Χερουβίμ in plural form)
• Gender: Neuter
• Declension: Indeclinable

This word maintains its Hebrew form and doesn’t follow standard Greek declension patterns. As an indeclinable noun, it retains the same form regardless of its grammatical function.

S – Studying Lexicon Insights

The lexical evidence reveals fascinating insights into Χερούβ. BDAG emphasizes their role as throne bearers and guardians of divine holiness. Thayer’s highlights their connection to the tabernacle and temple worship. LSJ notes their appearance in Hellenistic literature as symbols of divine power. Vine’s connects them to divine presence and protection, while Strong’s emphasizes their role as ministers of divine justice. LEH provides valuable insights into their representation in the Septuagint, where they maintain consistent symbolism with Hebrew texts. Moulton and Milligan note the term’s restricted usage in papyri, suggesting its specialized religious significance.

T – Tracing the Scriptures

First appearance:
And above it were the [cherubim] of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Of these things we cannot now speak in detail. Hebrews 9:5

Additional References:
Genesis 3:24
Exodus 25:18
1 Kings 6:23
Ezekiel 10:1

A – Analyzing Classical Usage

N – Noteworthy Summary

The Χερούβ embody a profound theological truth about God’s nature and His relationship with creation. As guardians of His holiness and bearers of His throne, they remind us of both His transcendent majesty and His desire to dwell among His people. Their presence at the mercy seat points to the good news that through the Messiah’s sacrifice, we now have direct access to the Father, no longer separated by cherubim-guarded boundaries. They testify to the glory of King Jesus, who sits enthroned above the cherubim, ruling with authority and grace.

D – Did You Know?

• The cherubim’s appearance varies in Scripture, suggesting their form adapts to reveal different aspects of God’s glory
• Their name possibly derives from a root meaning “to bless” or “to be near,” highlighting their proximity to God
• Medieval art often depicted cherubim as infant angels, contrasting sharply with their biblical portrayal as powerful, majestic beings

Strong’s G5502: Cherubim are celestial beings of the highest angelic order, serving as guardians of divine holiness and throne bearers. Their presence in Scripture symbolizes God’s transcendent glory and authority, while their position at the mercy seat represents the meeting point between divine justice and mercy.

Part of speech: Noun

Tags: angels, divine presence, holiness, temple worship, mercy seat, throne, guardian, celestial beings, divine glory, heavenly creatures​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​