Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek words in Biblical studies is crucial for interpreting the New Testament and for grasping the nuances of ancient Greek culture. The word “κράβαττος” (krabattos), appearing first in Mark 2:4, provides unique insights into daily life during the time of Jesus. This word, often translated as “bed” or “pallet,” is particularly significant in biblical stories where it appears in healing narratives. Understanding the use and meaning of “κράβαττος” helps us see the social and cultural dynamics at play in these accounts and emphasizes the significance of Jesus’ healing ministry.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: κράβαττος (krabattos) [KRA-ba-tos].

Etymology: The word “κράβαττος” is of uncertain origin but is thought to be borrowed from a Semitic language, such as Aramaic, or derived from a common Mediterranean dialect. Its etymological roots suggest it was used to describe a simple mat or a light bed, often for the sick or poor, emphasizing a humble context.

Part of Speech: Noun, masculine. As a masculine noun, “κράβαττος” follows the second declension pattern in Greek grammar, affecting its endings and how it appears in various grammatical cases such as nominative, genitive, dative, and accusative.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

1. Bed or Pallet: The primary meaning of “κράβαττος” is “bed” or “pallet,” typically referring to a simple mat or mattress. It is often depicted in biblical contexts as the kind of bedding a paralyzed or sick person would use.
2. Mat for the Sick or Poor: In the New Testament, “κράβαττος” is frequently used to describe the bedding carried by those who were healed by Jesus, such as in Mark 2:4 when a paralytic is lowered through the roof to reach Jesus.
3. Symbol of Healing and Restoration: Theologically, “κράβαττος” takes on a symbolic meaning in the New Testament as it often marks the transition from sickness to health, from exclusion to inclusion, and from despair to hope.

Exploring Similar Words

1. κλίνη (klinē) [KLEE-nay]: Refers to a bed or couch, generally more permanent and associated with a more stable or wealthier context compared to “κράβαττος.”
2. στρώμα (strōma) [STRO-mah]: Indicates a mattress or something spread out for sleeping or reclining, similar but often implying a more formal or comfortable setting.
3. σκίμπους (skimpous) [SKIM-pus]: A less common term referring to a couch or reclining seat, used in more affluent or leisurely contexts compared to the utilitarian “κράβαττος.”

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Case, Number, Gender:

• Nominative Singular: κράβαττος (the bed)
• Genitive Singular: κραβάττου (of the bed)
• Dative Singular: κραβάττῳ (to/for the bed)
• Accusative Singular: κράβαττον (the bed)
• Nominative Plural: κράβαττοι (the beds)
• Genitive Plural: κραβάττων (of the beds)
• Dative Plural: κραβάττοις (to/for the beds)
• Accusative Plural: κράβαττους (the beds)

Declension: “κράβαττος” is a second declension masculine noun, following typical patterns for Greek nouns ending in -ος.

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Studying Lexicon Insights

“κράβαττος” is portrayed across various lexicons as a common term for a simple bed or pallet, usually associated with those who are sick, poor, or otherwise marginalized in society. In New Testament contexts, it often signifies more than just a piece of furniture; it becomes a symbol of divine intervention and mercy, as seen in the healing stories of Jesus. Ancient usage also confirms its practical implications as a portable bed, underscoring its humble connotations in Greek-speaking communities. This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

1. Mark 2:4: “Being unable to get to Him because of the crowd, they removed the roof above Him; and when they had dug an opening, they let down the pallet [κράβαττον] on which the paralytic was lying.”
   This passage highlights the significance of “κράβαττος” as the humble mat on which a paralytic man is brought to Jesus, symbolizing both his need and the hope of healing.
2. Mark 2:11: “I say to you, get up, pick up your pallet [κράβαττον], and go home.”
   Here, “κράβαττος” represents a pivotal moment of transformation from illness to health and a new beginning through Jesus’ healing power.

Analyzing Classical Usage

Noteworthy Summary

The Greek word “κράβαττος” provides a window into the everyday life of the ancient world, especially among the marginalized or those in need of healing. In the New Testament, it serves not only as a practical object but also as a powerful symbol of transformation and divine healing. Its use in both biblical and classical texts highlights the significance of simple, humble objects in conveying profound spiritual truths.

Did You Know?

1. “κράβαττος” is considered a loanword from Aramaic, showing how languages influenced each other in ancient times.
2. The word is often associated with portable mats that could be rolled up and easily carried, emphasizing the mobility of those healed by Jesus.
3. In some ancient contexts, “κράβαττος” was not just a bed but could also refer to a soldier’s simple bedding during a campaign.