1. Overview

βαθύνω (Bathyno) is a Greek verb that means “to deepen” or “to make deep.” The word is derived from the Greek root βαθύς (bathys), which means “deep.” This verb is used both in literal and figurative contexts, describing the action of making something deeper, whether it be a physical space like a well or sea, or abstract concepts like knowledge or emotions.

2. Lexical Details

According to BDAG, Bathyno is typically used to denote the physical act of making something deeper, such as digging or deepening a physical object. Thayer’s adds that it can also signify an increase in the intensity or profundity of a non-physical entity, like feelings or thoughts. Vines and LSJ highlight its usage in the context of enhancing one’s understanding or increasing the gravity of a situation. Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance lists it with references that imply both the physical and metaphorical applications.

Biblical references:

• Luke 6:48: Describes a man digging deep (βαθύνω) and laying the foundation on a rock, metaphorically emphasizing thorough preparation and establishing a strong base.

3. Classical Usage

In classical Greek literature, Bathyno is found in contexts ranging from agricultural practices to philosophical discussions. For instance, Hesiod might use it when discussing farming techniques, whereas Aristotle could use it metaphorically to discuss concepts of deepening one’s understanding or arguments in philosophical debates. It appears in poetic metaphors in works by Pindar, who may use it to describe the profound depths of the ocean as a metaphor for vast human emotions.

4. Summary

βαθύνω captures the essence of deepening both in a tangible and intangible sense. Its application across Greek biblical texts and classical literature shows its versatility and enduring relevance in discussions related to both physical depth and the depth of the human experience. As such, it serves as a bridge between the concrete and the abstract, offering a linguistic tool for exploring and describing the layers of both the physical world and human insight.