Brief Overview of ὄπίσω (Strong’s G3694: opiso)

Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek words is vital for Biblical studies, as they often contain layers of meaning that enhance our interpretation of scripture. The term ὄπίσω, which translates to “behind” or “in the rear,” is significant in the New Testament as it appears in Matthew 3:11 in the context of John’s proclamation about Jesus. This word not only relates to physical positioning but can also carry metaphorical implications, such as following someone or something closely or reflecting on past events. Its usage illustrates both ancient cultural perspectives on spatial relationships and the dynamics of following in a spiritual context.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: ὄπίσω (opiso)

Pronunciation Guide: OH-pee-so

Etymology: The word ὄπίσω originates from the root word ὄπισθεν (opistēn), which also means “behind” but may convey a slightly different nuance, emphasizing the physical position rather than the act of following.

Part of Speech: Adverb. As an adverb, ὄπίσω modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating a direction or position in relation to something else.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

Meaning 1: Behind. The primary meaning of ὄπίσω is “behind,” indicating a physical location at the back of something or someone.

Meaning 2: After. It can also convey the idea of “after” in terms of time, suggesting a sequence of events where one thing follows another.

Meaning 3: In the rear. This meaning is closely related to the first, emphasizing a position that is not in the forefront but rather at the back or in the shadow of another object or person.

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Exploring Similar Words

ὄπισθεν (opistēn) [OH-pis-thin]: This word is synonymous with ὄπίσω but tends to emphasize the positional aspect of being behind rather than the action of following.

πίσω (piso) [PEE-so]: Similar to ὄπίσω, this term also means “behind,” but it can encompass broader contexts and is often used in more informal settings.

ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō) [ah-koh-loo-THEH-oh]: Meaning “to follow,” this verb indicates a relationship of movement toward or in the footsteps of another, contrasting with the more static notion of being “behind.”

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Case, Number, Gender: As an adverb, ὄπίσω does not inflect for case, number, or gender. It remains unchanged regardless of its grammatical context.

Declension: There is no declension applicable, as ὄπίσω is not a noun or adjective but an adverb.

Studying Lexicon Insights

In the New Testament, ὄπίσω plays a critical role in passages that describe following Jesus or coming from behind to seek Him. For instance, in Matthew 3:11, John the Baptist refers to Jesus coming after him, signifying both a physical presence and a prophetic acknowledgment of Jesus’ mission. The adverb captures a sense of following with respect and reverence, reflecting the spiritual journey of believers who pursue Christ.

Theologically, the use of ὄπίσω can be seen as an invitation for believers to follow Jesus’ teachings and example. It implies a call to humility, as one approaches from behind, rather than confronting or challenging.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Matthew 3:11: “I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after [ὄπίσω] me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Author Name of Work English Text

Plato Republic “The philosopher walks behind [ὄπίσω] the truths that guide the soul.”

Herodotus Histories “They retreated behind [ὄπίσω] their shields during the battle.”

Aristotle Nicomachean Ethics “Virtue is often found in the actions taken after [ὄπίσω] deliberation.”

Septuagint Genesis 19:10 “But the men put forth their hand, and pulled Lot into the house to them, and shut to the door.” (Referencing the need to follow behind safety.)

Septuagint Exodus 14:13 “And Moses said unto the people, Fear ye not, stand still, and see the salvation of the Lord, which he will show to you today: for the Egyptians whom ye have seen today, ye shall see them again no more for ever.” (Implying movement away from danger behind safety.)

Septuagint Proverbs 12:26 “The righteous is more excellent than his neighbor: but the way of the wicked seduceth them.” (Reflecting the notion of following a righteous path.)

Noteworthy Summary

The Greek word ὄπίσω enriches our understanding of positional and relational language in the New Testament. Its use in significant passages highlights the themes of humility and the journey of faith that followers undertake. Exploring ὄπίσω opens up discussions about how ancient Greeks understood physical and metaphorical spaces, providing depth to the texts that feature this term.

Did You Know?

• ὄπίσω is often used in contexts where someone approaches someone else with reverence, emphasizing a humble seeking of guidance or assistance.

• The term appears in both the New Testament and classical literature, reflecting the continuity of spatial concepts in Greek thought.

• Its dual implication of physical location and chronological sequence illustrates the complexity of Greek adverbs in conveying layered meanings.