Brief Overview of μισθαποδότης (Strong’s G3406: misthapodotés)

Unveiling the Word

In biblical studies, understanding the nuances of Greek words can significantly enhance our comprehension of Scripture. One such word is μισθαποδότης (misthapodotés), which appears in Hebrews 11:6. This word conveys the idea of “rewarder” or one who gives recompense, specifically referencing God as the one who rewards those who earnestly seek Him. The significance of this term lies in its role in expressing the concept of divine justice, reward, and reciprocity, not only within the New Testament but also reflecting ancient Greek cultural understandings of compensation and justice.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: μισθαποδότης (misthapodotés)

Transliteration: mis-thah-poh-DOH-tays

Pronunciation: /mis-thah-poh-DOH-tays/

Etymology: Misthapodotés is a compound word formed from μισθός (misthós), meaning “wage” or “reward,” and ἀποδίδωμι (apodídōmi), meaning “to give back” or “to recompense.” Together, they emphasize the notion of giving back a reward or recompense, particularly in reference to God as the giver of spiritual rewards.

Part of Speech: Noun, masculine. Misthapodotés is a noun that refers to someone who gives a reward or recompense, especially in the context of divine action.

The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Defining Meanings

1. Rewarder: In its primary sense, misthapodotés refers to one who gives a reward. Hebrews 11:6 uses it to describe God as the rewarder of those who diligently seek Him, emphasizing His role in rewarding faith and obedience.

2. Recompense Giver: Another key meaning relates to someone who gives recompense, often in the context of divine or judicial action. It can imply that the reward or recompense is not limited to material goods but includes spiritual rewards.

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Exploring Similar Words

1. μισθός (misthós) [mees-THOS]: This word refers to “wage” or “reward” and is the root of misthapodotés. It signifies the actual payment or compensation rather than the act of giving the reward.

2. ἀποδίδωμι (apodídōmi) [ah-poh-DEE-doh-mee]: Meaning “to give back” or “to repay,” this verb underlines the notion of repayment or recompense, focusing on the act of giving rather than the identity of the giver.

3. ἀνταποδίδωμι (antapodídōmi) [an-tah-poh-DEE-doh-mee]: While similar, this term includes the idea of mutual repayment, often used in contexts of reciprocal reward or punishment, whereas misthapodotés focuses on a singular giver of recompense, typically God.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Case, Number, Gender:

As a masculine noun, misthapodotés follows the typical declension patterns for masculine nouns in Greek. Here is a basic declension for singular use:

Case Singular

Nominative μισθαποδότης

Genitive μισθαποδότου

Dative μισθαποδότῃ

Accusative μισθαποδότην

For a deeper understanding of Greek grammar, click here for a beginner’s guide to reading Greek.

Studying Lexicon Insights

Lexicon studies emphasize the unique theological implications of misthapodotés as it is almost exclusively used to describe God in the New Testament. It highlights the divine nature of God as one who is faithful to reward His followers for their diligence and faith. Classical usage aligns with the judicial understanding of recompense but in the New Testament, the term shifts to emphasize divine grace and faithfulness rather than just legal compensation. In passages like Hebrews 11:6, misthapodotés is central to understanding the relationship between faith and reward, showing that faith is not only about belief but also about trusting in God’s promise of reward.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

1. Hebrews 11:6 – “But without faith it is impossible to please Him: for he that cometh to God must believe that He is, and that He is a rewarder [μισθαποδότης] of them that diligently seek Him.”

Analyzing Classical Usage

Author Name of Work Example Text

Plato Republic “The just man receives a reward [μισθός] for his actions.”

Septuagint Wisdom of Solomon “The Lord is a faithful rewarder [μισθαποδότης] of the righteous.”

Herodotus Histories “Each man is given his due recompense [ἀποδίδωμι] for his deeds.”

Noteworthy Summary

Misthapodotés plays a significant role in understanding God’s nature in the New Testament as the ultimate giver of rewards, both earthly and eternal. The word’s deep connection to divine justice and grace underscores the faith relationship between believers and God, as highlighted in Hebrews 11:6. Classical and Septuagint usage further enriches this concept by linking it to cultural notions of justice and recompense, making the term a key theological expression in both Jewish and Greco-Roman contexts.

Did You Know?

1. Misthapodotés is only used once in the entire New Testament, emphasizing its unique theological weight in Hebrews 11:6.

2. In classical Greek, similar words were often used to describe rulers or judges who dispensed rewards, but the New Testament use focuses solely on God.

3. The root word misthós also appears in the well-known “Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard” (Matthew 20), where the concept of divine reward is a central theme.