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Unveiling the Word
In Biblical studies, understanding Greek words is essential for grasping the rich meanings embedded in the original texts. The Greek word Κωσάμ (Kōsám), found in Luke 3:28, is particularly significant as it appears in the genealogy of Jesus. This word not only has relevance to New Testament interpretation but also provides insight into ancient Greek naming conventions and culture. By exploring the meaning and context of Κωσάμ, we gain a better understanding of its place in both scripture and the broader tapestry of ancient Greek literature.
Necessary Information
Greek Word: Κωσάμ, transliterated as Kōsám [pronounced: ko-SAHM].
Etymology: The etymology of Κωσάμ is uncertain, and there is no clear root word from which it is derived. It appears to be a personal name, possibly of Hebrew origin, but has been adapted into Greek as part of the Hellenistic influence on Jewish culture and language.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Masculine. Κωσάμ is a third-declension masculine noun used to denote a specific individual within a genealogical list in the Gospel of Luke. The context in which it appears emphasizes its importance as part of a lineage rather than a commonly used term.
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Defining Meanings
1. Personal Name: The primary and only meaning of Κωσάμ is as a personal name found in the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Luke. There is no additional contextual meaning beyond its identification as a historical or genealogical reference.
Exploring Similar Words
1. Ἰωσὴφ (Iōsēph) [pronounced: yo-SEF]: This is another name found in biblical genealogies. Unlike Κωσάμ, which is unique in its single occurrence, Ἰωσὴφ (Joseph) is a more common name with significant biblical narrative attached to it.
2. Μωϋσῆς (Mōysēs) [pronounced: mo-EE-says]: Another proper noun, used to refer to the prominent biblical figure Moses. Unlike Κωσάμ, Μωϋσῆς is well-documented throughout the Old and New Testaments and is associated with a major storyline.
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Reviewing the Word’s Morphology
Case, Number, Gender: Κωσάμ is a masculine noun in the singular form. The word is used only in the nominative case in the New Testament, specifically in genealogical contexts. It follows a pattern that can be categorized as part of the third declension but remains relatively invariable due to its specific usage as a proper noun.
| Case | Singular |
|---|---|
| Nominative | Κωσάμ |
| Genitive | Κωσάμ |
| Dative | Κωσάμ |
| Accusative | Κωσάμ |
Declension: Since Κωσάμ functions as a proper noun and does not follow typical declension patterns in common use, it is considered irregular.
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Studying Lexicon Insights
Κωσάμ is a unique term found only in the genealogical context of the New Testament. In Luke 3:28, it is mentioned as part of the lineage of Jesus, offering a link to the ancestral heritage recorded by Luke. While there is no extensive usage of this term in classical Greek texts or other ancient literature, its appearance underscores the importance of tracing genealogical records in Jewish tradition. Theological implications focus on the continuity and fulfillment of biblical prophecy regarding Jesus’ lineage. Most lexicons agree on its singular occurrence and point out that it serves primarily a historical function within the text.
This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.
Tracing Related Scriptures
Luke 3:28: “The son of Melchi, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam [Κωσάμ], the son of Elmadam, the son of Er.”
Analyzing Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | English Text with Greek Word |
|---|---|---|
| Not Available | Not Available | Κωσάμ does not appear in classical Greek literature. |
| Not Available | Not Available | Kosam (Κωσάμ) is absent from major classical Greek works. |
| Not Available | Not Available | References to Κωσάμ are limited to biblical contexts. |
| Septuagint | Not Available | No direct mention of Κωσάμ is found in the Septuagint. |
| Not Available | Not Available | Due to its specific usage, Κωσάμ is not found in classical or Septuagint literature. |
Noteworthy Summary
Κωσάμ (Kōsám) is a proper noun found in the New Testament as part of the genealogy of Jesus Christ. While it does not have broader linguistic applications or meanings beyond its biblical mention, understanding its place in Luke 3:28 helps provide context for the lineage of Jesus. As a word with uncertain etymology and rare usage, Κωσάμ serves primarily as a historical and genealogical marker within the Gospel narrative. Its study is important for those interested in the genealogy and fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah’s lineage.
Did You Know?
- The name Κωσάμ appears only once in the entire New Testament, highlighting its specific role in the genealogy of Jesus.
- Κωσάμ may have roots in a Hebrew or Aramaic name, adapted into Greek, reflecting the Hellenistic influence on Jewish culture during the period.
- The genealogy in Luke 3 is unique because it differs from the genealogy presented in Matthew 1, showing different branches of Jesus’ family tree and emphasizing different theological points.
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