Brief Overview of κτάομαι (Strong’s G2932: ktaomai)

Unveiling the Word

Understanding Greek words is crucial in Biblical studies to fully grasp the meanings and contexts of Scripture. The Greek word κτάομαι (ktaomai), which first appears in Matthew 10:9, is a significant term that delves into concepts of possession and acquisition. In the New Testament, κτάομαι is often used to address issues related to material possessions, wealth, and the Christian’s relationship with them. Its relevance extends beyond New Testament interpretation, touching upon themes of ownership and ethics in ancient Greek culture, which enriches our understanding of Biblical teachings.

Necessary Information

Greek Word: κτάομαι (ktaomai) [KTAH-oh-my]

Etymology: The root of κτάομαι comes from the Greek word κτάομαι, which means “to acquire,” “to get,” or “to possess.” This root is linked to various concepts of ownership and acquisition, reflecting both physical and metaphorical senses.

Part of Speech: Verb. As a verb, κτάομαι is used in the middle voice in Greek, typically conveying a sense of actively acquiring or obtaining something for oneself. It involves a range of grammatical details, including tenses, voices, and moods, which affect its meaning and application.

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Defining Meanings

Meaning 1: To Acquire or Obtain
The primary meaning of κτάομαι is “to acquire” or “to obtain.” It describes the act of gaining possession of something, whether it be material goods, property, or resources.

Meaning 2: To Possess or Own
Another closely related meaning is “to possess” or “to own.” This emphasizes the state of having control or ownership over something that has been acquired.

Meaning 3: To Win or Gain
In some contexts, κτάομαι can also mean “to win” or “to gain,” particularly when it involves obtaining something through effort or competition.

Exploring Similar Words

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κατοικέω (katoikeo) [ka-toy-KEH-oh]: This word means “to inhabit” or “to dwell.” While it relates to possession in the sense of residing or having a place, it differs from κτάομαι as it emphasizes living in a location rather than acquiring ownership.

ἔχω (echo) [EH-kho]: Meaning “to have” or “to hold,” ἔχω overlaps with κτάομαι in terms of possession. However, ἔχω is broader and more general, whereas κτάομαι specifically involves the process of acquisition.

πρᾶγμα (pragma) [PRAHG-mah]: Referring to “a thing” or “matter,” πρᾶγμα can involve something owned or dealt with but lacks the specific nuance of the act of acquiring present in κτάομαι.

Reviewing the Word’s Morphology

Verb Form: As a verb, κτάομαι is used in different forms depending on tense, voice, and mood. It appears in various New Testament contexts primarily in the middle voice, emphasizing the reflexive action of acquiring something for oneself.

• Tense, Voice, Mood: κτάομαι is found in the present, aorist, and perfect tenses, among others, each providing a different aspect to the action of acquiring or obtaining. The voice can be middle or passive, affecting how the subject interacts with the action.
• Person and Number: The verb is conjugated in different persons (1st, 2nd, 3rd) and numbers (singular, plural) based on the subject.
• Aspect: The imperfective aspect (present tense) indicates ongoing or repeated action, while the perfective (aorist) aspect focuses on the completion of the acquisition.

For a more detailed guide on Greek grammar, Click here for a beginners guide to reading Greek.

Studying Lexicon Insights

The word κτάομαι carries nuances of ownership, control, and the ethical implications of acquiring wealth or possessions. In the New Testament, it is often used in contexts where Jesus or the apostles discuss the ethical considerations of acquiring material goods versus spiritual wealth. For instance, in Matthew 10:9, Jesus instructs His disciples not to “acquire” gold or silver, highlighting a focus on dependence on God rather than on material resources. This word is understood in classical contexts as encompassing both the literal acquisition of goods and a metaphorical sense of gaining virtues or status.

This overview synthesizes insights from BDAG, Thayer’s, LSJ, Vine’s, Strong’s, LEH, and Moulton and Milligan.

Tracing Related Scriptures

Matthew 10:9: “Do not acquire (κτήσησθε) gold, or silver, or copper for your money belts.” This verse uses κτάομαι to instruct the disciples to rely on God rather than earthly wealth.

Luke 18:12: “I fast twice a week; I give tithes of all that I acquire (κτῶμαι).” The use of κτάομαι here emphasizes the Pharisee’s boasting about his self-acquired possessions.

Analyzing Classical Usage

Noteworthy Summary

κτάομαι (ktaomai) is a powerful Greek verb in New Testament studies that brings insight into discussions on material possessions, acquisition, and spiritual values. Its varied uses, both in Biblical and classical contexts, provide a lens for understanding ethical and theological teachings on ownership, control, and the dangers of worldly attachment.

Did You Know?

• Did you know? The word κτάομαι is often used in Greek philosophy to describe the acquisition of virtues or knowledge, not just material wealth.
• Did you know? The Greek word κτάομαι is connected to our English word “acquisition,” both stemming from roots related to obtaining and possessing.
• Did you know? In Biblical times, the act of acquiring something was often seen in a broader ethical light, reflecting one’s trust in God versus reliance on wealth.