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Introduction
Understanding Greek words in Biblical studies is crucial for grasping the nuances of the original texts. The Greek word ἕξις (hexis) is particularly significant because it conveys a deep concept of habitual practice or state, often associated with moral or ethical conditions. In the New Testament, this word helps us comprehend discussions on spiritual maturity and character formation. Beyond Biblical texts, ἕξις also appears in ancient Greek philosophy, especially in works related to ethics and human behavior, providing insights into how ancient cultures perceived character and habit.
Key Information
- The Greek Word: ἕξις, transliterated as hexis [HEK-sis]
- Etymology: Derived from the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning “to have” or “to hold,” suggesting a state of having or holding a particular condition or habit.
- Part of Speech: Noun, feminine; third declension.
- The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.
Primary Meanings
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- A state or condition, especially of the body or mind
- Habitual practice or disposition
- Character or moral state
Similar Words: ἔθος (ethos) [EH-thos] – While ἕξις refers to a more ingrained, established state or condition, ἔθος often denotes custom or habit, focusing on the repeated actions or behaviors that lead to such a state. ἕξις implies a more permanent characteristic, whereas ἔθος emphasizes the process of acquiring that characteristic.
Further Insights: ἕξις is a third declension feminine noun with various forms depending on its case (nominative, genitive, etc.) in singular and plural. The term was frequently used by ancient philosophers like Aristotle to describe a stable state of character achieved through repeated actions, distinguishing it from more transient states of being.
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Lexicon Insights
BDAG: Defines ἕξις as “a state of being” or “habit,” often referring to a settled or permanent condition of the soul or body. It is particularly used in moral and ethical contexts to describe virtues or vices that have become characteristic through practice.
Thayers: Describes ἕξις as a noun meaning “habit” or “disposition.” It highlights the word’s use in the New Testament to refer to a condition that has been developed through repetition or constant practice, particularly in relation to spiritual or moral states.
Vines: Notes that ἕξις implies a “state” that arises from sustained effort and practice. It is often contrasted with states that are temporary or fleeting, thus highlighting the word’s depth when discussing matters of character or virtue.
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LSJ: Provides a broad overview of ἕξις as meaning “possession” or “habit,” applicable in various contexts such as medicine, philosophy, and daily life. It emphasizes the idea of holding or maintaining a state, whether physical, mental, or moral.
Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance: Lists ἕξις as “habit” or “state,” derived from the root ἔχω (echō), emphasizing the idea of possession or control over a particular state. It is often used to discuss one’s moral or ethical condition, shaped by repeated actions or behaviors.
Related Scripture References
- Hebrews 5:14: “But strong meat belongeth to them that are of full age, even those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.” The Greek phrase “by reason of use” is translated from ἕξις, implying a state of maturity achieved through constant practice.
Classical Usage
| Author | Name of Work | English Text |
|---|---|---|
| Aristotle | Nicomachean Ethics | “Virtue is a kind of habit (ἕξις) or trained faculty.” |
| Plato | The Republic | “The soul’s state (ἕξις) is influenced by the education it receives.” |
| Hippocrates | On Regimen | “The body’s health depends on its condition (ἕξις) and habits.” |
Summary of ἕξις (G1838: hexis)
The Greek word ἕξις (Strong’s G1838), meaning “state,” “habit,” or “condition,” is a term that provides profound insights into both Biblical and philosophical contexts. In the New Testament, it describes a mature state of character developed through constant practice and discernment. In classical Greek literature, it is used to discuss virtue, ethical states, and the conditions of both body and mind. The word emphasizes a stable, ingrained state that arises from repeated actions, making it highly relevant for discussions on spiritual growth, moral development, and ethical behavior.
Did You Know?
In ancient Greek philosophy, ἕξις was a key term used to describe the difference between potential and actualized virtues. Aristotle, for example, explained that while humans have the potential for virtue, it becomes an actual part of one’s character (ἕξις) only through deliberate, repeated actions. This concept underlies many modern discussions on habit formation, self-discipline, and character development.
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