Brief Overview of ἔπειτα (Strong’s G1899: épeita)

Introduction

Understanding Greek words is crucial for Biblical studies as it allows for a deeper appreciation of the original texts’ nuances. The Greek word ἔπειτα (transliterated as “épeita”) is particularly significant because it serves as a temporal adverb, marking a sequence of events or steps. This term is vital for interpreting passages where the order of events or actions is critical for understanding the message or narrative flow. By examining ἔπειτα, readers gain insight into how ancient Greek texts structured sequences and transitions, impacting New Testament interpretation and comprehension of ancient Greek culture.

Key Information

• Greek Word: ἔπειτα (épeita) [EH-pey-tah]
• Etymology Root Words and Meanings:
• Derived from ἐπεί (epei), meaning “since” or “after,” combined with the suffix -τα (-ta), which functions to form adverbs. The word conveys the idea of “afterwards” or “then.”
• Part of Speech: Adverb
• Grammatical Details: Functions as a temporal adverb, often used to denote a subsequent action or event in a sequence.
• The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Primary Meanings

• “Then”
• “Afterwards”
• “Next”
• “Thereafter”

Similar Words:
The Greek word εἶτα (eita) [EY-tah] is closely related to ἔπειτα. Both words are used to indicate sequence; however, εἶτα is generally more straightforward, meaning “then” or “next,” without the slight emphasis that ἔπειτα can carry in specific contexts. Another related word, μετά (meta) [meh-TAH], means “after” and can also imply a sequence, but it is more often used as a preposition rather than an adverb.

Further Insights:
As a temporal adverb, ἔπειτα does not inflect, maintaining a consistent form regardless of the sentence structure. It is frequently found in both narrative and instructional passages, where it helps to clarify the order of events or actions. Its use provides a clear and direct way to guide the reader through a logical or temporal progression.
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Lexicon Insights

BDAG:
The BDAG lexicon defines ἔπειτα as an adverb meaning “then” or “afterwards.” It is used in both narrative and logical sequences to indicate the next step or event in a series. The term is often found in lists or sequential instructions.

Thayers:
Thayer’s lexicon describes ἔπειτα as “after that” or “then,” emphasizing its role in denoting time or order in sequences of events. It is often employed to add structure to a narrative or logical argument.

Vines:
Vines Expository Dictionary categorizes ἔπειτα under adverbs of time, focusing on its usage to signify the next event in a sequence. It notes that the word is often used in doctrinal passages to guide readers through logical or chronological progressions.

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LSJ:
The Liddell-Scott-Jones (LSJ) lexicon provides a broad overview of ἔπειτα as an adverb meaning “then” or “thereafter.” It appears in various Greek literature to denote sequence, particularly in historical or philosophical works where the order of events or ideas is essential.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance:
Strong’s Concordance lists ἔπειτα as an adverb meaning “then” or “next,” highlighting its function in outlining sequences or steps. It is noted for its role in guiding readers through logical or narrative structures.

Related Scripture References

• 1 Corinthians 15:5-7: “And that he was seen of Cephas, then (ἔπειτα) of the twelve: After that (ἔπειτα), he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once… then (ἔπειτα) of all the apostles.”
• Galatians 1:18: “Then (ἔπειτα) after three years, I went up to Jerusalem to see Peter, and abode with him fifteen days.”
• Hebrews 7:2: “To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that (ἔπειτα) also King of Salem, which is, King of peace.”

Classical Usage

Summary of ἔπειτα (G1899)

The Greek adverb ἔπειτα (épeita) is essential for understanding sequences and transitions in both Biblical and classical Greek texts. Its primary meanings, such as “then” and “afterwards,” make it a critical word for guiding readers through narratives, instructions, or logical arguments. ἔπειτα helps clarify the order of events, actions, or ideas, ensuring that readers understand the progression intended by the authors. Its use is widespread in both the New Testament and Septuagint, emphasizing its importance in theological, historical, and philosophical contexts.

Did You Know?

Did you know that ἔπειτα is often used in the New Testament to denote sequential appearances or actions, such as in 1 Corinthians 15:5-7, where it describes the order of Christ’s post-resurrection appearances? This adverb’s precise use helps readers follow the unfolding events with clarity and understanding.