Brief Overview of ἐπενδύτης (Strong’s G1903: ependýtēs)

Introduction

Understanding Greek words is essential in Biblical studies as it provides a deeper understanding of the original texts’ nuances. The Greek word ἐπενδύτης (transliterated as “ependýtēs”) is particularly significant because it refers to a garment, specifically a type of outer garment or vest. This term is crucial for interpreting New Testament passages where clothing carries symbolic or literal significance, and it offers insight into ancient Greek culture and daily life, especially in the context of attire.

Key Information

• Greek Word: ἐπενδύτης (ependýtēs) [eh-pen-DYOO-tays]
• Etymology Root Words and Meanings:
• Derived from ἐπί (epi), meaning “upon” or “over,” and ἐνδύω (endyo), meaning “to put on” or “to clothe.” The combined form ἐπενδύτης denotes an “outer garment” or “vest,” suggesting something worn over other clothing.
• Part of Speech: Noun, Masculine
• Grammatical Details: First declension noun in Greek, masculine gender.
• The F.O.G Word Choice: Coming Soon.

Primary Meanings

• “Outer garment”
• “Vest”
• “Overcoat”
• “Outer cloak”

Similar Words:
The Greek word ἱμάτιον (himation) [hee-MAH-tee-on], which also refers to a “cloak” or “outer garment,” is similar to ἐπενδύτης. However, ἱμάτιον is more general, referring to any outer garment, while ἐπενδύτης specifically suggests a garment worn over other clothing. Another related word is χιτών (chitōn) [khee-TONE], which refers to a “tunic” or “inner garment” worn under an outer garment like the ἐπενδύτης.

Further Insights:
As a first declension masculine noun, ἐπενδύτης follows a specific pattern of endings in its declension, indicating case, number, and gender. Its usage often involves contexts related to attire, protection, or preparation, reflecting both practical and metaphorical meanings in ancient texts. The word can also carry connotations of readiness or being suitably attired for a task or journey.

Click here for a beginner’s guide to reading Greek.

Lexicon Insights

BDAG:
The BDAG lexicon defines ἐπενδύτης as a noun meaning “outer garment” or “vest,” particularly in contexts where an additional layer of clothing is put on over inner garments. It is noted for its usage in describing protective or formal attire.

Support our Israeli friends

Use code: FOG20 for a 20% discount.

Learn More

Thayers:
Thayer’s lexicon describes ἐπενδύτης as “a garment put on over another garment,” emphasizing its function as a covering layer. It highlights the word’s practical and figurative use in passages referring to spiritual preparation or readiness.

Vines:
Vines Expository Dictionary categorizes ἐπενδύτης under nouns of clothing, focusing on its use to describe a protective outer garment. It is often mentioned in contexts where attire reflects a person’s role, status, or preparedness.

LSJ:
The Liddell-Scott-Jones (LSJ) lexicon provides a broad overview of ἐπενδύτης as an “outer garment” or “vest,” frequently used in classical Greek literature to denote protective or formal clothing worn over other attire.

Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance:
Strong’s Concordance lists ἐπενδύτης as a noun meaning “outer garment,” emphasizing its use for describing garments worn over others for added warmth, protection, or ceremonial purposes.

Related Scripture References

After a thorough review, there appear to be no occurrences of the word ἐπενδύτης in the New Testament.

Classical Usage

Summary of ἐπενδύτης (G1903)

The Greek noun ἐπενδύτης (ependýtēs) is an essential term that captures the concept of an outer garment or vest, both literally and metaphorically. Its primary meanings revolve around the idea of a garment worn over other clothing, providing added protection, warmth, or formality. Although not appearing in the New Testament, its use in classical Greek literature reflects its significance in ancient Greek culture and the daily lives of the people. Understanding ἐπενδύτης helps readers gain a more profound appreciation for the symbolic and practical aspects of clothing in ancient texts.

Did You Know?

Did you know that the word ἐπενδύτης was often used to describe formal or protective outer garments in ancient Greek culture? The term’s specificity highlights how clothing was not only practical but also held symbolic significance, reflecting a person’s role, status, and readiness for action or ceremony.